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Third HLA-haploidentical stem cell transplantation using post-transplant cyclophosphamide for relapsed acute leukemia

Bone Marrow Transplantation volume 58, pages 1403–1405 (2023)Cite this article

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Disease relapse after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) occurs frequently in patients with acute leukemia (AL). Second allogeneic SCT (SCT2) is a potentially effective salvage therapy for these patients. Nevertheless, the prognosis of SCT2 is unsatisfactory, with a 5-year overall survival (OS) rate of between 10 and 30% [1]. Relapse is a common cause of treatment failure after SCT2, and there is no established therapeutic strategy. Third allogeneic SCT (SCT3) is a clinical treatment option after SCT2 for some patients with relapsed AL who have no severe co-morbidities [2, 3].

In the modern era, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haploidentical donor transplantation with T cell-replete post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCY) is being utilized worldwide, especially in some patients without an HLA-matched donor, since PTCY safely reduces the incidence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), a condition that contributes to non-relapse mortality (NRM). As a result, PTCY has been considered an effective platform for HLA-haploidentical SCT.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan

    Naonori Harada, Hiroshi Okamura, Yosuke Makuuchi, Masatomo Kuno, Teruhito Takakuwa, Mika Nakamae, Mitsutaka Nishimoto, Yasuhiro Nakashima, Hideo Koh, Masayuki Hino & Hirohisa Nakamae

  2. Department of Hematology, Fuchu Hospital, Osaka, Japan

    Naonori Harada

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  1. Naonori Harada
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Contributions

NH, HO, and HN participated in research design. NH wrote the paper. NH, HO, YM, MK, TT, MN (Nakamae), MN (Nishimoto), YN, HK, MH, and HN performed the research. NH performed the data analysis.

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Correspondence to Naonori Harada.

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Harada, N., Okamura, H., Makuuchi, Y. et al. Third HLA-haploidentical stem cell transplantation using post-transplant cyclophosphamide for relapsed acute leukemia. Bone Marrow Transplant 58, 1403–1405 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41409-023-02108-y

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