Rationale: The limited data on outcomes after CPR in extremely small infants is contradictory. There is concern that survivors of CPR may have an increased risk of adverse neurodevelopmental (ND) outcomes. Objective: To determine outcomes of infants ≤750g at birth who received CPR in the delivery room. Methods: Retrospective analysis of all inborn livebirths ≤750g BW from 1990 to 1994. CPR was defined as positive pressure ventilation via an endotracheal tube (PPV) with chest compressions (CC)±Epinephrine (Epi). Resuscitation was conducted according to the algorithm of the AAP. Adverse ND outcomes included CP causing non-ambulation beyond 2 years, IQ/DQ > 2SD below the mean, deafness or legal blindness. Results: 44 of 165 patients were not resuscitated at birth due to extreme immaturity (n=42) and major congenital malformations(n=2). CPR was administered to 10 infants: 1 received CC only and the remainder received Epi in addition to CC. Follow up data was available on 75 of 81 (93%) survivors, including all recipients of CPR. Groups (PPV only vs. PPV+CPR) were compared. Conclusion: Although the value of CPR in extremely small infants remains unclear, its use in our population was not associated with adverse ND outcomes in survivors. Table

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