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Identification of epithelial stromal interaction 1 as a novel effector downstream of Krüppel-like factor 8 in breast cancer invasion and metastasis

Oncogene volume 33, pages 4746–4755 (2014)Cite this article

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Abstract

Krüppel-like factor 8 (KLF8) is a transcriptional factor critical for metastatic progression of breast cancer. Epithelial stromal interaction 1 (EPSTI1), a recently identified stromal fibroblast-induced gene in non-invasive breast cancer cells is highly overexpressed in invasive breast carcinomas. The function and regulation of EPSTI1, however, remain largely unknown. In this paper, we report a novel KLF8 to EPSTI1 signaling pathway in breast cancer. Using various expression analyses, we revealed a high co-overexpression of KLF8 and EPSTI1 in invasive human breast cancer cells and patient tumors. Ectopic overexpression of KLF8 in the non-invasive MCF-10A cells induced the EPSTI1 expression, whereas KLF8 knockdown from the invasive, MDA-MB-231 cells decreased the EPSTI1 expression. Promoter activation and binding analyses indicated that KLF8 promoted the EPSTI1 expression by directly acting on the EPSTI1 gene promoter. EPSTI1 knockdown dramatically reduced the KLF8-promoted MCF-10A cell invasion, and ectopic expression of EPSTI1 in the non-invasive MCF-7 cells is sufficient to induce the cell invasion. Experiments using nude mice demonstrated that the ectopic EPSTI1 granted the MCF-7 cells capability of both invasive growth in the breasts and metastasis to the lungs. Using co-immunoprecipitation coupled with mass spectrometry, we discovered that EPSTI1 interacts with the valosin-containing protein (VCP), resulting in the degradation of IκBα and subsequent activation of NF-κB in the nucleus. These findings suggest a novel KLF8 to EPSTI1 to VCP to NF-κB signaling mechanism potentially critical for breast cancer invasion and metastasis.

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Acknowledgements

We appreciate Dr Vladimir Ponomarev of Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center for kindly providing the trimodal imaging reporter vector SFG-nTGL and Dr Qishan Lin of UAlbany for helping with the mass spectrometry. This work was supported by grants from NCI (CA132977) and Susan G. Komen for the Cure breast cancer foundation (KG090444 and KG080616) to JZ.

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  1. Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, FL, USA

    T Li, H Lu, C Shen, S K Lahiri, M S Wason, D Mukherjee, L Yu & J Zhao

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  1. T Li
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Correspondence to J Zhao.

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Li, T., Lu, H., Shen, C. et al. Identification of epithelial stromal interaction 1 as a novel effector downstream of Krüppel-like factor 8 in breast cancer invasion and metastasis. Oncogene 33, 4746–4755 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1038/onc.2013.415

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