Data from a randomized study suggest that drug–drug interactions reduce the efficacy of boceprevir (hepatitis C [HCV] medication) and ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitors (HIV medication) upon coadministration. 39 healthy adults received boceprevir for 6 days, followed by atazanavir, lopinavir, or darunavir for 25 days (plus ritonavir on days 10–31 and boceprevir on days 25–31). Concomitant administration of these anti-HCV and anti-HIV drugs resulted in significantly reduced exposure of both agents.