The excessive proinflammatory responses in sepsis and associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are largely mediated by Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Spence et al. report a novel approach to harness the TLR inhibitory effects of sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin E (Siglec-E) — a transmembrane receptor found on macrophages and neutrophils. Nanoparticles decorated with the Siglec E-specific ligand, α2,8-linked N-acetylneuraminic acid, reduced inflammation and prolonged survival in mouse sepsis and ARDS models and attenuated pulmonary oedema in a human ex vivo lung perfusion model of lung injury.
References
Spence, S. et al. Targeting Siglecs with a sialic acid-decorated nanoparticle abrogates inflammation. Sci.Transl. Med. 7, 303ra140 (2015)
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Crunkhorn, S. Siglec-targeting nanoparticle treats sepsis. Nat Rev Drug Discov 14, 750 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd4775
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd4775