Abstract
Growth cone motility is regulated by both fast voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels and by unknown receptor-operated Ca2+ entry mechanisms. Transient receptor potential (TRP) homomeric TRPC5 ion channels are receptor-operated, Ca2+-permeable channels predominantly expressed in the brain. Here we show that TRPC5 is expressed in growth cones of young rat hippocampal neurons. Our results indicate that TRPC5 channel subunits interact with the growth cone–enriched protein stathmin 2, are packaged into vesicles and are carried to newly forming growth cones and synapses. Once in the growth cone, TRPC5 channels regulate neurite extension and growth-cone morphology. Dominant-negative TRPC5 expression allowed significantly longer neurites and filopodia to form. We conclude that TRPC5 channels are important components of the mechanism controlling neurite extension and growth cone morphology.
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Acknowledgements
We thank G. Grenningloh (Institut de Biologie Cellulaire, Lausanne, Switzerland), A. Sobel (INSERM, Paris, France) and M. Gullberg (Umea University, Umea, Sweden) for stathmin reagents. We also thank C. Strübing for the DN-TRPC5 construct. We are indebted to M. Ericsson in the HMS Electron Microscopy Facility for technical assistance, and to S. Gapon for assistance with hippocampal cultures. We thank D. Corey, B. Bean and T. Schwarz for discussions and technical advice. This work was supported by a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Predoctoral Fellowship (A.G.), a Kaplan Fellowship (B.N.) and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (D.E.C.).
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Supplementary Fig. 1.
Model of TRPC5 ’s role in growth cone morphology and motility. TRPC5 associates with stathmin 2 on VAMP-and synaptotagmin-containing transport packets. When packets arrive at the growth cone,VAMP and synaptotagmin mediate vesicle docking and fusion,thereby increasing functional TRPC5 channels in the plasma membrane.In response to extracellular growth and motility signals,G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR)and growth factor receptors (RTK)activate TRPC5 channels in the plasma membrane through PLC-dependent mechanisms.TRPC5-mediated Ca 2+ influx affects growth cone morphology and motility through control of filopodial and neurite extension. (JPG 87 kb)
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Greka, A., Navarro, B., Oancea, E. et al. TRPC5 is a regulator of hippocampal neurite length and growth cone morphology. Nat Neurosci 6, 837–845 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1038/nn1092
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nn1092
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