Crystalline ice surfaces are found to exhibit an unusually large spread of vacancy formation energies, akin to an amorphous material. The finding has implications for the fundamental understanding of electrostatically frustrated surfaces and for the reactivity and catalytic properties of atmospheric ice.
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Ojamäe, L. Amorphous on the surface. Nature Mater 10, 725–726 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3129
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3129
