One out of every 4,500 males suffers cognitive impairment due to alterations in the fragile X gene. The gene has a complicated biology, and it may have just gotten a bit more complex. The fragile X gene product in flies could play a role in regulation by small RNA molecules.
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Hansen, R., Laird, C. A new regulatory pathway for fragile X syndrome?. Nat Med 8, 1204–1205 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1038/nm1102-1204
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nm1102-1204