Despite an overall freeze on nonmilitary discretionary spending, the US White House's 2011 budget proposal outlays billions of new dollars for biomedical research. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is the big winner, with a 3.2% raise amounting to a $1 billion bonus—the largest proposed increase for the agency in eight years. The NIH's $32.2 billion budget, which would dwarf those of many other organizations, promises to spur research into a number of key areas including cancer, autism and HIV/AIDS. Here we show what's slated to get a shot in the arm should Congress approve the President's proposals.

aDoes not include $1.5 billion in user fees charged to food, tobacco and drug companies.