New data implicate the LXRs, a class of nuclear hormone receptors, in reducing inflammation. When activated, these receptors ease inflammation in three mouse models. The results are relevant to atherosclerosis, Alzheimer disease, sepsis and other inflammatory disorders (pages 213–219).
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Relevant articles
Open Access articles citing this article.
-
CX3CR1 deficiency promotes muscle repair and regeneration by enhancing macrophage ApoE production
Nature Communications Open Access 03 December 2015
Access options
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 12 print issues and online access
$209.00 per year
only $17.42 per issue
Buy this article
- Purchase on Springer Link
- Instant access to full article PDF
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout
References
Serhan, C.N. et al. Resolvins: a family of bioactive products of omega-3 fatty acid transformation circuits initiated by aspirin treatment that counter proinflammation signals. J. Exp. Med. 196, 1025–1037 (2002).
Joseph, S.B., Castrillo, A., Laffitte, B.A., Mangelsdorf, D.J. & Tontonoz, P. Reciprocal regulation of inflammation and lipid metabolism by LXRs. Nat. Med. 9, 213–219 (2003).
Repa, J.J. & Mangelsdorf, D.J. The role of orphan nuclear receptors in the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis. Annu. Rev. Cell. Dev. Biol. 16, 459–481 (2000).
Laffitte, B.A. et al. LXRs control lipid-inducible expression of the apolipoprotein E gene in macrophages and adipocytes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98, 507–512 (2001).
Joseph, S.B. et al. Direct and indirect mechanisms for regulation of fatty acid synthase gene expression by liver X receptors. J. Biol. Chem. 277, 11019–11025 (2002).
Cao, G. et al. Phospholipid transfer protein is regulated by liver X receptors in vivo. J. Biol. Chem. 277, 39561–39565 (2002).
Costet, P., Luo, Y., Wang, N. & Tall, A.R. Sterol-dependent transactivation of the ABC1 promoter by the liver X receptor/retinoid X receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 275, 28240–28245 (2000).
Mak, P.A. et al. Regulated expression of the apolipoprotein E/C-I/C-IV/C-II gene cluster in murine and human macrophages. A critical role for nuclear liver X receptors α and β. J. Biol. Chem. 277, 31900–31908 (2002).
Repa, J.J. et al. Regulation of mouse sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c gene (SREBP-1c) by oxysterol receptors, LXR-α and LXR-β. Genes Dev. 14, 2819–2830 (2000).
Schwartz, K., Lawn, R.M. & Wade, D.P. ABC1 gene expression and ApoA-I-mediated cholesterol efflux are regulated by LXR. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 274, 794–802 (2000).
Tangirala, R.K. et al. Identification of macrophage liver X receptors as inhibitors of atherosclerosis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99, 11896–11901 (2002).
Joseph, S.B. et al. Synthetic LXR ligand inhibits the development of atherosclerosis in mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99, 7604–7609 (2002).
Venkateswaran, A. et al. Control of cellular cholesterol efflux by the nuclear oxysterol receptor LXR-α. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97, 12097–12102 (2000).
Schultz, J.R. et al. Role of LXRs in control of lipogenesis. Genes Dev. 14, 2831–2838 (2000).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Freeman, M., Moore, K. eLiXiRs for restraining inflammation. Nat Med 9, 168–169 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1038/nm0203-168
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nm0203-168
This article is cited by
-
CX3CR1 deficiency promotes muscle repair and regeneration by enhancing macrophage ApoE production
Nature Communications (2015)
-
ABCA1, from pathology to membrane function
Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology (2007)
