Inhibition of glucosylceramide accumulation results in effective blockade of polycystic kidney disease in mouse models

Nature Medicine volume 16, pages788–792(2010)Cite this article

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Abstract

Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) represents a family of genetic disorders characterized by renal cystic growth and progression to kidney failure1. No treatment is currently available for people with PKD, although possible therapeutic interventions are emerging2,3,4,5,6,7,8. Despite genetic and clinical heterogeneity, PKDs have in common defects of cystic epithelia, including increased proliferation, apoptosis and activation of growth regulatory pathways1. Sphingolipids and glycosphingolipids are emerging as major regulators of these cellular processes9. We sought to evaluate the therapeutic potential for glycosphingolipid modulation as a new approach to treat PKD. Here we demonstrate that kidney glucosylceramide (GlcCer) and ganglioside GM3 levels are higher in human and mouse PKD tissue as compared to normal tissue, regardless of the causative mutation. Blockade of GlcCer accumulation with the GlcCer synthase inhibitor Genz-123346 effectively inhibits cystogenesis in mouse models orthologous to human autosomal dominant PKD (Pkd1 conditional knockout mice) and nephronophthisis (jck and pcy mice). Molecular analysis in vitro and in vivo indicates that Genz-123346 acts through inhibition of the two key pathways dysregulated in PKD: Akt protein kinase–mammalian target of rapamycin signaling and cell cycle machinery. Taken together, our data suggest that inhibition of GlcCer synthesis represents a new and effective treatment option for PKD.

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Figure 1: Altered glycosphingolipid metabolism in human and mouse PKD kidneys.
Figure 2: Blockade of GlcCer synthase activity with Genz-123346 lowers renal GlcCer abundance and effectively inhibits PKD in jck mice.
Figure 3: Molecular pathways of cystogenesis affected by inhibition of GlcCer synthase in vivo.
Figure 4: Genz-123346 effectively inhibits PKD in pcy mice and in Pkd1 conditional knockout mice.

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Acknowledgements

We thank V. Gattone (Indiana University School of Medicine) for the kind gift of pcy breeding pairs and advice on colony maintenance. We thank S. Jones and the staff of Rodent Experimental Models (Worcester, Massachusetts) for production of the Pkd1 conditional knockout mice. We thank the staff of the Genzyme Departments of Comparative Medicine and Histology for help with in vivo studies and sample preparations. We thank S. Moreno for expert technical assistance. We are grateful to K. McEachern, R. Sacchiero, D. Copeland, S. Cheng, N. Yew, A. Smith, R. Gregory, T. Sybertz, K. Klinger and J. Burns for helpful discussions and comments on this manuscript.

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Affiliations

  1. Department of Cell Biology, Genzyme Corporation, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA

    Thomas A Natoli, Laurie A Smith, Kelly A Rogers, Nikolay O Bukanov, William R Dackowski, Hervé Husson, Ryan J Russo, Steven R Ledbetter & Oxana Ibraghimov-Beskrovnaya

  2. Department of Analytical Research & Development, Genzyme Corporation, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA

    Bing Wang, Svetlana Komarnitsky, Yeva Budman & Alexei Belenky

  3. Nephrology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA

    James A Shayman

  4. Department of Pharmacology, Genzyme Corporation, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA

    John P Leonard

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  1. Thomas A Natoli
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  2. Laurie A Smith
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Contributions

T.A.N. designed, conducted and analyzed the in vivo data. T.A.N., L.A.S. and K.A.R. performed the in vivo work. B.W., S.K., Y.B., A.B. and W.R.D. performed the glycosphingolipid analyses. K.A.R., W.R.D., N.O.B. and H.H. performed image processing and histological quantification. H.H. and R.J.R. performed and analyzed the in vitro work. J.A.S., S.R.L. and J.P.L. provided scientific advice, data analysis and edited the manuscript. T.A.N. and O.I.-B. wrote the manuscript, with contributions from K.A.R., N.O.B. and H.H. O.I.-B. designed experiments, analyzed results and supervised the project.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Oxana Ibraghimov-Beskrovnaya.

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Competing interests

T.A.N., L.A.S., K.A.R., B.W., S.K., Y.B., A.B., N.O.B., W.R.D., H.H., R.J.R., S.R.L., J.P.L. and O. I.-B. are all employed by Genzyme. J.A.S. holds intellectual property rights for Genzyme.

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Natoli, T., Smith, L., Rogers, K. et al. Inhibition of glucosylceramide accumulation results in effective blockade of polycystic kidney disease in mouse models. Nat Med 16, 788–792 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.2171

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