Abstract
The recent discovery of Acidothermus cellulolyticus genus novum, species novum, ATCC 43068, a moderately thermophilic, aerobic, cellulolytic bacterium in wood samples recovered from the acidic hot springs of northern Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, affirms the notion that hitherto unknown microflora exist in nature in areas of extreme environment. We recently found that the filter paper degrading enzymes (cellulases) produced by this new bacterium possess the highest temperature tolerance reported to date. The significance of this finding lies in the moderate temperature, by comparison, for optimal cell growth required by the Acidothermus microorganism and in the potential for industrial application of the thermotolerant cellulase enzymes it produces.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Access options
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 12 print issues and online access
$209.00 per year
only $17.42 per issue
Buy this article
- Purchase on Springer Link
- Instant access to full article PDF
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Lipinsky, E.S. 1979. Perspectives on preparation of cellulose for hydrolysis. Adv. Chem. Ser. 181:1–23.
Goldstein, I.R., Pereira, H., Pittman, L.J., Strouse, B.A. and Scaringelli, F.P. 1983. The hydrolysis of cellulose with superconcentrated hydrochloric acid. Biotech. Bioeng. Symp. 13:17–25.
Cuskey, S.M., Frein, E.M., Montenecourt, B.S. and Eveleigh, D.E. 1984. Overproduction of cellulase-screening and selection, p. 405–416. In: Overproduction of Microbial Metabolites. V. Krumphanzl, B. Sikyta, and A. Vanek (Eds.). Academic Press, New York.
Bisaria, V.S. and Ghose, T.K. 1981. Biodegradation of cellulosic materials: Substrates, microorganisms, enzymes and products. Enzyme Microb. Technol. 3:90–104.
Ryu, D.D.Y. and Mandels, M. 1980. Cellulase: Biosynthesis and applications. Enzyme Microb. Technol. 2:91–102.
Daniel, R.M., Cowan, D.A., Morgan, H.W., and Curran, M.P. 1982. A correlation between protein thermostability and resistance to proteolysis. Biochem. J. 207:641–644.
Wood, T.M. and McCrae, S.I. 1979. Synergism between enzymes involved in the solubilization of native cellulose. Adv. Chem. Ser. 181:181–209.
Gritzali, M. and Brown, R.D. The cellulase system of Trichoderma 1979. Adv. Chem. Ser. 181:237–260.
Mohagheghi, A., Grohmann, K., Himmel, M.E., Leighton, L. and Updegraff, D. 1986. Isolation and characterization of a new genus of thermophilic, acidophilic, cellulolytic bacteria, Acidothermus cellulolyticus, gen nov., sp. nov.. International J. of System. Bacteriol. 36:435–443.
Seltzer, R.J. 1987. Bacterium produces thermostable cellulase. Chem. and Engineering News (May 4):23.
Durand, H., Soucaille, P. and Tiraby, G. 1984. Comparative study of cellulases and hemicellulases from four fungi: mesophiles Trichoderma reesei and Penicillium sp. and thermophiles Thielavia terrestris and Sporotrichum cellulophilum. 1984. Enzyme Microb. Technol. 6:175–180.
Hon-Nami, K., Coughlan, M.P., Hon-Nami, H., Carreira, L.H., and Ljungdahl, L.G. 1985. Properties of the cellulolytic enzyme system of Clostridium thermocellum. Biotech. Bioeng. Symp. 15:191–205.
Waldron, C.R. Jr, Becker-Vallone, C.A. and Eveleigh, D.E. 1986. Isolation and characterization of a cellulolytic actinomycete. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 24:477–486.
Coughlan, M.P. 1985. The properties of fungal and bacterial cellulases with comment on their production and application. Biotech. Genetic Eng. Rev. 3:39–109.
Chow, C.T. and Cole, A.L.J. 1982. Cellulase production by the thermophilic fungus, Thermoascus aurantiacus. Pertanika 5:255–262.
Sen, S., Abraham, T.K. and Chakrabarty, S. 1982. Characteristics of the cellulase produced by Myceliophthora thermophila. Can. J. Microbiol. 22:271–277.
Duong, T.-V., Johnson, E.A., and Demain, A.L. 1983. Thermophilic, anaerobic and cellulolytic bacteria, p. 157–195. In: Topics in Enzyme and Fermentaion Biotechnology. Vol. 7, A. Wiseman (Ed. ). John Wiley and Sons, New York.
Sternberg, D., Vijayakumar, P. and Reese, E.T. 1977. Beta-glucosidase: Microbial production and effect of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. Can. J. Microbiol. 23:139–147.
Mandels, M., Andreotti, R. and Roche, C. 1976. Measurement of saccharifying cellulase. Biotech. Bioeng. Symp. 6:21–33.
Ghose, T.K. 1987. Measurement of cellulase activities. Pure and Appl. Chem. 59:257–268.
Wood, T.M. 1971. The cellulase of Fusarium solani. Biochem. J. 121:353–362.
Mandels, M., Dorval, S. and Medeiros, J. 1978. Saccharification of cellulose with Trichoderma cellulase, p. 627–669. In: The Second Annual Symposium on Fuels from Biomass. Vol. 2, W.W. Shuster (Ed.). Renselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York.
Eriksen, J. and Goksøyr, J. 1977. Cellulases from Chaetomium thermophile var. dissitum. Eur. J. Biochem. 77:445–450.
Margaritis, A. and Merchant, R. 1983. Xylanase, CM-cellulase and avicelase production by the thermophilic fungus Sporotrichum thermophile. Biotech. Bioeng. Symp. 13:299–314.
Ng, T.K., Weimer, P.J. and Zeikus, J.G. 1977. Cellulolytic and physiological properties of Clostridium thermocellum. Arch. Microbiol. 114:1–7.
Awa, T. and Iwasaki, I. 1984. Cellulase production by Sporotrichum thermophile. Hokkaidoritsu Kogyo Shikenjo Hokoku. 283:141–147.
Hagerdal, B., Ferchak, J.D. and Pye, E.K. 1980. Sacchanfication of cellulose by the cellulolytic enzyme system of Thermomonospora sp. I. Stability of cellulolytic activities with respect to time, temperature, and pH. Biotech. Bioeng. 22:1515–1526.
Liu, W.-H., Lee, C.-Y. and Li, C. 1984. Production and properties of heat-stable cellulase from thermophilic fungi. Talaromyces sp 207 and Thermoascus sp. 239. J. Chinese Agri. Chem. Soc. 22:183–191.
Reynolds, P.H.S., Sissons, C.H., Daniel, R.M., and Morgan, H.W. 1986. Comparison of cellulolytic activities in Clostridium thermocellum and three thermophilic, cellulolytic anaerobes. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 51:12–17.
Love, D.L. and Streiff, M.B. 1987. Molecular cloning of a β-glucosidase gene from an extremely thermophilic anaerobe in E. coli and B. subtilis. Bio/Technology. 5:384–387.
Johnson, E.A., Sakajoh, M., Halliwell, G., Madia, A. and Demain, A.L. 1982. Saccharification of complex cellulosic substrates by the cellulase system form Clostridium thermocellum. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 43:1125–1132.
Honda, H., Naito, H., Taya, M., Iijima, S. and Kobayashi, T., 1987. Cloning and expression in Escherichia coli of a Thermoanaerobacter cellulolyticus gene coding for heat-stable β-glucanase. Appl. Microbiol Biotechnol. 25:480–483.
Skinner, W.A. and Tokuyama, F. 1978. Production of cellulase by a thermophilic Thielavia terrestris. United States Patent 4,081,328.
Montenecourt, B.S. and Eveleigh, D.E. 1978. Antibiotic disks—An improvement in the filter paper assay for cellulase. Biotech. Bioeng. 20:297–300.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tucker, M., Mohagheghi, A., Grohmann, K. et al. Ultra-Thermostable Cellulases From Acidothermus cellulolyticus: Comparison of Temperature Optima with Previously Reported Cellulases. Nat Biotechnol 7, 817–820 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt0889-817
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt0889-817
This article is cited by
-
Isolation and Characterization of Bacteria from Natural Hot Spring and Insights into the Thermophilic Cellulase Production
Current Microbiology (2023)
-
Microbial community structure of soils in Bamenwan mangrove wetland
Scientific Reports (2019)
-
Towards an Understanding of Enhanced Biomass Digestibility by In Planta Expression of a Family 5 Glycoside Hydrolase
Scientific Reports (2017)
-
Expression of the Acidothermus cellulolyticus E1 endoglucanase in Caldicellulosiruptor bescii enhances its ability to deconstruct crystalline cellulose
Biotechnology for Biofuels (2015)
-
A single-molecule analysis reveals morphological targets for cellulase synergy
Nature Chemical Biology (2013)