Mucosal immunity in HIV and SIV
Jason Brenchley adeptly reviews the immunopathogeneic mechanisms of HIV and SIV infection that contribute to disease progression and provides a perspective on novel therapeutic approaches to human disease. See page 657
Update on M cells
Neil Mabbott and colleagues provide a scholarly discussion of recent progress in elucidating the development and function of gut microfold (M) cells, including the genes that control functional maturation, and the expression of receptors for microbes that are being targeted with novel vaccine approaches. See page 666
Migration of lung dendritic cells
Using a new CCR7-reporter mouse strain, Hideki Nakano and colleagues demonstrate that conventional, but not monocyte-derived, dendritic cell populations in the lung express CCR7 and migrate to the lung-draining lymph nodes following inhalation of lipopolysaccharide. See page 678
Short-lived IgA following HIV-1
Nicole Yates and co-workers show that HIV-1 transmission frequently elicits mucosal HIV-1 envelope–specific immunoglobulin A responses targeted to gp41, but that these responses have a very short half-life. See page 692
IL-21 regulates immunity to RSV
Jonathan Dodd and colleagues demonstrate an active role for interleukin-21 (IL-21) in regulating mucosal immune responses to respiratory syncytial virus infection. See page 704
Recruitment of fibrocytes in asthma
Mirko Isgr and co-workers provide data supporting a role of chemokines CCL5, CCL11, and CCL24 in recruiting fibrocytes in patients with severe asthma. See page 718
PD-L2 inhibits IL-12 production in asthma
In studies of human tissue and mouse models, Ian Lewkowich and colleagues found that allergen-driven programmed death 1 ligand 2 (PD-L2) signaling limits interleukin-12 (IL-12) secretion from dendritic cells and enhances allergic airway disease, probably via a decreased inhibitory effect of IL-12 on IL-13-induced gene expression. See page 728
IL-4 induces mast cell expansion and survival in food allergy
Oliver Burton and co-workers demonstrate a cell-intrinsic role for interleukin-4 (IL-4) signaling in the proliferation and survival of intestinal mast cells. They found that mice with an activating variant of the IL-4 receptor α-chain exhibited greater mast cell expansion in response to IL-4 and anaphylaxis in a model of food allergy. See page 740
Leptin and intestinal DC migration
Hafid Al-Hassi and colleagues present data indicating a role for leptin signaling in dendritic cell migration in the intestine. See page 751
Muc5ac in lung injury
Michael Koeppen and co-workers identified a detrimental role for endogenous mucin Muc5ac production in ventilator-induced acute lung injury. See page 762
HIV-1 entry via the penile urethra
Yonatan Ganor and colleagues found that the penile urethra is a potential site for the entry of HIV-1 that targets urethra macrophages for infection. See page 776
Adaptive immunity to B. pertussis in a novel baboon model
Jason Warfel and coinvestigators used their recently described baboon model of Bordetella pertussis infection to demonstrate the induction of an interleukin-17 mucosal T-cell response and long-lived T helper type 1 and 17 cells following infectious challenge. See page 787
Poor interferon responses in asthma
Michael Edwards and colleagues studied the response to rhinovirus or polyIC stimulation in children with severe therapy-resistant atopic asthma. They found that production of interferon-b and -l by bronchial epithelial cells was impaired in these patients. See page 797
C5aR signaling in experimental asthma
Inken Schmudde and co-workers investigated the role of C5a receptor (C5aR) signaling in the development of maladaptive T helper type 2 and 17 responses in experimental asthma. See page 807
Pulmonary model of V. cholera infection
Seok-Seong Kang and colleagues describe a new lung model of Vibrio cholera infection and induction of protective immunity following immunization with a killed whole-cell-cholera toxin B subunit cholera vaccine. See page 826
Spi-B in M-cell functional maturation
Shintaro Sato and colleagues explore the role of the transcript factor Spi-B in the functional maturation of M cells. See page 838
Gut-homing DC precursors
Ruizhu Zeng and co-workers describe a novel gut-homing precursor population of intestinal dendritic cells, the generation of which is regulated by retinoid acid signaling. See page 847
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In this Issue. Mucosal Immunol 6, 655–656 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1038/mi.2013.39
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/mi.2013.39