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Early postnatal illness severity scores predict neurodevelopmental impairments at 10 years of age in children born extremely preterm

Journal of Perinatology volume 37, pages 606–614 (2017)Cite this article

Subjects

Abstract

Objective:

A neonatal illness severity score, The Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology-II (SNAP-II), predicts neurodevelopmental impairments at two years of age among children born extremely preterm. We sought to evaluate to what extent SNAP-II is predictive of cognitive and other neurodevelopmental impairments at 10 years of age.

Study Design:

In a cohort of 874 children born before 28 weeks of gestation, we prospectively collected clinical, physiologic and laboratory data to calculate SNAP-II for each infant. When the children were 10 years old, examiners who were unaware of the child’s medical history assessed neurodevelopmental outcomes, including neurocognitive, gross motor, social and communication functions, diagnosis and treatment of seizures or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), academic achievement, and quality of life. We used logistic regression to adjust for potential confounders.

Results:

An undesirably high SNAP-II (⩾30), present in 23% of participants, was associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment (IQ, executive function, language ability), adverse neurological outcomes (epilepsy, impaired gross motor function), behavioral abnormalities (attention deficit disorder and hyperactivity), social dysfunction (autistic spectrum disorder) and education-related adversities (school achievement and need for educational supports. In analyses that adjusted for potential confounders, Z-scores ⩽−1 on 11 of 18 cognitive outcomes were associated with SNAP-II in the highest category, and 6 of 18 were associated with SNAP-II in the intermediate category. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals ranged from 1.4 (1.01, 2.1) to 2.1 (1.4, 3.1). Similarly, 2 of the 8 social dysfunctions were associated with SNAP-II in the highest category, and 3 of 8 were associated with SNAP-II in the intermediate category. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were slightly higher for these assessments, ranging from 1.6 (1.1, 2.4) to 2.3 (1.2, 4.6).

Conclusion:

Among very preterm newborns, physiologic derangements present in the first 12 postnatal hours are associated with dysfunctions in several neurodevelopmental domains at 10 years of age. We are unable to make inferences about causality.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by grants from the National Institute of Neurologic Disorders and Stroke (5U01NS040069-05, 2R01NS040069-06A2), The National Eye Institute (1-R01-EY021820-01) and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (5P30HD018655-34). The authors thank the parents, families and collaborators who contributed to this project, without whom this project would not have been possible. The primary author would also like to acknowledge Dr Leif Nelin and colleagues at Nationwide Children’s Hospital for their ongoing support of his academic interests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, and The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA

    J W Logan

  2. Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA

    O Dammann

  3. Perinatal Neuroepidemiology Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany

    O Dammann

  4. Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    E N Allred & A Leviton

  5. Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

    E N Allred & A Leviton

  6. Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA

    C Dammann & K Beam

  7. Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA

    R M Joseph

  8. Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    T M O'Shea

  9. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA

    K C K Kuban

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Logan, J., Dammann, O., Allred, E. et al. Early postnatal illness severity scores predict neurodevelopmental impairments at 10 years of age in children born extremely preterm. J Perinatol 37, 606–614 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/jp.2016.242

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