Summary
Five Japanese families of symphalangism associated with synostosis of the carpal bones and/or tarsal bones were presented. In four families, the anomaly was also found in other individuals of the family showing autosomal dominant inheritance. Historical aspect, skeletal changes and genetics of symphalangism were discussed.
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The outline of this study was read at the 20th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Association of Hand Surgery and the abstract with some figures presented in this paper was published in Seikeigeka (Orthopaedic Surgery, 1977) in Japanese.
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Sugiura, Y., Inagaki, Y. Symphalangism associated with synostosis of carpus and/or tarsus. Jap J Human Genet 26, 31–45 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01871371
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01871371