Abstract
Single locus complementary sex determination (CSD) occurs in several species of Hymenoptera. Individuals that carry two different alleles (heterozygotes) are female while those with one and two copies of the same allele (hemizygotes and homozygotes) are haploid and diploid males, respectively. A multilocus model, in which diploids are only male if homozygous at all sex loci, has been proposed for species with regular but not exclusive inbreeding. To date, the only explicit test of the multilocus model is for Nasonia vitripennis. The latter is an inbreeding species in the Infra-order Parasitica and was shown not to conform to the multilocus model. In this study, inbreeding experiments are used to refute single and multilocus sex determination in a second inbreeding hymenopteran, Goniozus nephantidis (Infra-order Aculeata). Single locus CSD has been demonstrated in five other aculeates and G. nephantidis is the first aculeate species shown not to have CSD. The absence of CSD in G. nephantidis is probably a derived condition, favoured by the penalty of increased diploid male production under inbreeding.
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Cook, J. Experimental tests of sex determination in Goniozus nephantidis (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae). Heredity 71, 130–137 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1993.116
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1993.116
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