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Individually timing high-protein preloads has no effect on daily energy intake, peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition volume 65, pages 55–62 (2011)Cite this article

Subjects

Abstract

Background/Objectives:

Gut hormones have been shown to influence energy intake (EI). To our knowledge, no study has investigated the effects of dietary patterns aimed at optimizing fullness on EI, appetite and gut hormones.

Subject/Methods:

To determine whether individually timing high-protein preloads would impact EI, appetite, and peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels. Ten men (body mass index=25.5±2.6 kg/m2) participated in a randomized crossover trial. The three conditions consisted of the self-selection of snacks (condition 1), or the consumption of a preload (300 kcal: 40% protein, 40% carbohydrates and 20% fat) at either 15 min (condition 2) or ∼ 50 min (individually set) (condition 3) before lunch and dinner. During each condition, a standardized breakfast was served, whereas lunch and dinner were self-selected from a five-item menu, and eaten ad libitum. Mealtime and daily EI were measured. Appetite, peptide YY and GLP-1 were sampled over 9 h.

Results:

No differences in daily EI were noted across conditions (1=3078±720 kcal; 2=2929±264 kcal; 3=2998±437 kcal; not significant). For the most part, daily profiles as well as premeal levels of peptide YY and GLP-1 were not different between conditions. Desire to eat, hunger and prospective food consumption were found to be lowest during condition 1 (P<0.05).

Conclusions:

According to these results, it would seem that individually timing high-protein preloads does not reduce daily EI in healthy human subjects.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (Grant no. 79597). Éric Doucet is a recipient of a CIHR/Merck-Frosst New Investigator Award, CFI/OIT New Opportunities Award and of an Early Research Award.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

    S M Willbond & É Doucet

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  1. S M Willbond
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Correspondence to É Doucet.

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The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Contributors: ED was involved in the conception of the study. SW collected the data. SW and ED analyzed and interpreted the data and wrote the article.

Supplementary Information accompanies the paper on European Journal of Clinical Nutrition website

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Willbond, S., Doucet, É. Individually timing high-protein preloads has no effect on daily energy intake, peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1. Eur J Clin Nutr 65, 55–62 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2010.188

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