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Wild hippos spend most of the day immersed in water and can be difficult to capture.Credit: Fernando Vergara/AP Photo/Alamy
Colombia begins sterilizing invasive hippos
Colombia has started sterilizing its population of invasive hippos — thought to number around 200 — that are overrunning the nation’s riverside habitats. The hippos (Hippopotamus amphibius) are the descendants of four illegally imported individuals that escaped from drug-cartel leader Pablo Escobar’s estate in the 1990s. Ecologists warn that sterilization is expensive and logistically challenging — and probably won’t be enough. Many researchers advocate culling the hippos, which the government says it will also try to do — but the idea is controversial.
AI finds Alzheimer’s in brain scans
Artificial intelligence (AI) tools designed to spot signs of Alzheimer’s disease in brain scans could help researchers to investigate treatments for the disease. There are databases containing thousands of people’s genomes and brain scans, but it’s hard to be sure which of those people have Alzheimer’s. There’s no foolproof blood test, and dementia is also a feature of other disorders. One of the new algorithms detects Alzheimer’s with an accuracy of more than 90%, and scientists hope to train another to identify structural features that differ between brain scans of people with and without the disease. The goal is to use brain images as visual ‘biomarkers’ of Alzheimer’s disease.
References: bioRxiv preprint & medRxiv preprint (not peer reviewed)
Reproducible behavioural science
Four prominent research groups showed that the replication crisis in experimental psychology can be turned around by using the most rigorous and careful experimental conditions. By sticking to best practices such as ‘preregistration’ — the publication of a research plan in advance — the researchers produced results that were replicable 86% of the time, even better than could be expected on the basis of the sizes of the samples and the observed effects. The study, the authors say, shows that research in the field can be top quality if all the right steps are taken.
Reference: Nature Human Behaviour paper
Features & opinion
Why Delhi’s air is so bad
India’s capital has been blanketed by choking smog since the beginning of November. But the situation is not unusual. Every year, the cooler, drier weather of the post-monsoon season provides ideal conditions for pollution to spike. The atmosphere’s lowest layer, the troposphere, shrinks at this time, and the soup of pollutants within it becomes more concentrated. Windless days exacerbate the problem. Although crop burning in neighbouring regions is often blamed for the pollution, locally produced emissions from traffic and woodfired stoves and heaters are enough to create a toxic cocktail.
The future is quantum
Universities are starting quantum-training programmes at the bachelor’s and master’s levels to feed the burgeoning quantum-technology industry. “A technology can’t succeed if the only people who know how to use it are PhDs,” says physicist Olivia Lanes, who works at IBM.
How heat revs up animals until they starve
A drastic crash in the Bering Sea’s population of snow crabs (Chionoecetes opilio) — a loss of some 10 billion crabs — might have been caused, in part, by marine heatwaves that increased the crabs’ metabolisms until they starved. “You heat up a crab or anything else, everything gets faster, up to a certain point when it can’t handle it anymore,” says evolutionary biologist Carolyn Tepolt. “It’s what happens when you increase that need for energy, essentially, beyond the point that the environment can provide it.”
Infographic of the week
Climate change, international trade and travel are bringing the vectors of debilitating and sometimes deadly pathogens to Europe. And other parts of the non-tropical world that have previously had the luxury of not worrying about neglected tropical diseases — including the Gulf Coast of the United States — are experiencing similar issues. (Nature | 11 min read)
This article is part of Nature Outlook: Neglected tropical diseases, an editorially independent supplement funded by a grant from Merck Sharp & Dohme and with financial support from Moderna. (Source: ECDC. Nature publications remain neutral with regard to contested jurisdictional claims in published maps.)
