The Nature Index is a database of author affiliations and institutional relationships. The index tracks contributions to research articles published in 82 high-quality natural science journals, chosen by an independent group of researchers.
The Nature Index provides absolute and fractional counts of publication productivity at the institutional and national level and, as such, is an indicator of global high-quality research output and collaboration. Data in the Nature Index are updated regularly, with the most recent 12 months made available under a Creative Commons licence at natureindex.com. The database is compiled by Springer Nature.
Nature Index metrics
The Nature Index provides several metrics to track research output and collaboration. These include article count, fractional count, and adjusted fractional count.
The simplest is the article count (AC). A country or institution is given an AC of 1 for each article that has at least one author from that country or institution. This is the case regardless of the number of authors an article has, and it means that the same article can contribute to the AC of multiple countries or institutions.
Part of Nature Index 2018 Rising Stars
To get a sense of a country’s or institution’s contribution to an article, and to ensure they are not counted more than once, the Nature Index uses fractional count (FC), which takes into account the share of authorship on each article. The total FC available per article is 1, which is shared among all authors under the assumption that each contributed equally. For instance, an article with 10 authors means that each author receives an FC of 0.1. For authors who are affiliated with more than one institution, the individual author’s FC is then split equally between those institutions.
The total FC for an institution is calculated by summing the FC for individual affiliated authors. The process is similar for countries, although complicated by the fact that some institutions have overseas labs that will be counted towards host country totals.
When comparing data over time, FC values are adjusted to 2017 levels to account for the small annual variation in the total number of articles in Nature Index journals. The adjustment of FC values in each year is done by calculating the percentage difference in the total number of articles in the index in a given year relative to the number of articles in 2017 and applying this adjustment to FC values.
The supplement
Nature Index 2018 Rising Stars is based on data from natureindex.com, covering articles published during six years from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2017 at the country level, and articles from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2017 at the institution level.
Most analyses within the supplement use adjusted FC as the primary metric. The tables rank institutions by their absolute change in adjusted FC from 2015 to 2017. The tables also provide the percentage change in FC 2015–2017 and an institution’s global rank in the 2018 annual tables. Separate tables rank the top academic institutions, top young universities under 30 years old, as well as the top institutions in each subject area.