Are farmed fish just for the wealthy? Golden et al. reply

Christopher Golden et al. reply — Our argument is that most farmed fish are not reaching nutritionally vulnerable people in the low-income, food-deficit countries of sub-Saharan Africa and the Pacific islands (Nature 534, 317–320; 2016). In those nations, fish is a traditional food source that comes primarily from capture fisheries, including subsistence harvests (M. M. Dey et al. Mar. Policy 67, 156–163; 2016). Domestic consumption and import of aquaculture products are still relatively insignificant (see go.nature.com/2dinzuc).

In such places, aquaculture policy interventions need to be optimized for nutritional value and distribution to food-insecure populations. This could be achieved through appropriate regulations and market instruments (such as tax incentives or subsidies) and public-health campaigns, in close alliance with conservation strategies for sustainable fisheries.¹