The idea that obesity is mainly caused by a high intake of carbohydrate is only one of many possible explanations (G. Taubes Nature 492, 155; 2012). The energy in–energy out hypothesis may also be valid, but it is likely to be an oversimplification.
It is important to consider the body's requirements for key nutrients such as the essential amino acids, as well as for energy. A high-energy diet deficient in these can lead to malnutrition coupled to obesity.
Scientists need to take a closer look at the effects of dietary protein, lipid and carbohydrate on appetite and food intake. These should be assessed in the context of hormone regulation of intermediary metabolism and the large variation in basal metabolic rate among individuals.
We shall then have a more accurate basis for advising Western populations on how to avoid obesity.
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Hamre, K. Obesity: Multiple factors contribute. Nature 493, 480 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1038/493480c
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/493480c
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