Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) is the aetiological agent of AIDS1–3. The virus establishes lytic, latent and non-cytopathic productive infection in cells in culture4,5. The complexity of virus‐host cell interaction is reflected in the complex organization of the viral genome6–9. In addition to the genes that encode the virion capsid and envelope proteins and the enzymes required for proviral synthesis and integration common to all retroviruses, HIV-1 is known to encode at least four additional proteins that regulate virus replication, the tat, art, sor and 3′ orf proteins, as well as a protein of unknown function from the open reading frame called R10–18. Close examination of the nucleic acid sequences of the genomes of multiple HIV isolates raised the possibility that the virus encodes a previously undetected additional protein. Here we report that HIV-1 encodes a ninth protein and that antibodies to this protein are detected in the sera of people infected with HIV-1. This protein distinguishes HIV-1 isolates from the other human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV-2 and SIV)19–21 that do not have the capacity to encode a similar protein.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Access options
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 51 print issues and online access
$199.00 per year
only $3.90 per issue
Buy this article
- Purchase on Springer Link
- Instant access to full article PDF
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Barre-Sinoussi, F. et al. Science 220, 868–871 (1983).
Gallo, R. et al. Science 224, 500–503 (1984).
Levy, J. A. et al. Science 225, 840–842 (1984).
Curran, J. W. et al. Science 223, 1352–1357 (1985).
Zagury, D. et al. Science 231, 850–853 (1986).
Ratner, L. et al. Nature 313, 277–283 (1985).
Wain-Hobson, S., Sonigo, P., Danos, O., Cole, S. & Alizon, M. Cell 40, 9–17 (1985).
Sanchez-Pescador, R. et al. Science 227, 484–492 (1985).
Muesing, M. A. et al. Nature 313, 450–458 (1985).
Sodroski, J. G. et al. Science 227, 171–173 (1985).
Arya, S. K., Guo, C., Josephs, S. F. & Wong-Staal, F. Science 229, 69–73 (1985).
Lee, T. H. et al. Science 231, 1546–1549 (1986).
Sodroski, J. et al. Science 231, 1549–1551 (1986).
Allan, J. S. et al. Science 230, 810–813 (1985).
Terwilliger, E., Sodroski, J. G., Rosen, C. A. & Haseltine, W. A. J. Virol. 60, 754–760 (1986).
Sodroski, J. et al. Nature 321, 413–417 (1986).
Feinberg, M. B., Jarrett, R. F., Aldovini, A., Gallo, R. C. & Wong-Staal, F. Cell 46, 807–817 (1986).
Wong-Staal, F., Chanda, P. K. & Ghrayeb, J. AIDS Res. hum. Retroviruses 3, 33–39 (1987).
Guyader, M. et al. Nature 326, 662–669 (1987).
Hirsch, V., Riedel, N. & Mullins, J. I. Cell 49, 307–319 (1987).
Chakrabarti, L. et al. Nature 328, 543–547.
Pelham, H. P. B. and Jackson, R. S. Eur. J. Biochem. 67, 247–256 (1986).
Melton, D. A. et al. Nucleic Acids Res. 12, 7035–7056 (1984).
Alizon, M., Wain-Hobson, S., Montagnier, L. & Sonigo, P. Cell 46, 63–74 (1986).
Fisher, A. G., Collati, E., Ratner, L., Gallo, R. C. & Wong-Staal, F. Nature 316, 262–265 (1985).
Pelletier, J. & Sonnenberg, N. Cell 40, 515–526 (1985).
Lee, T. H. et al. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 81, 7579–7583 (1984).
Rosen, C. A., Sodroski, J. G., Campbell, K. & Haseltine, W. A. J. Virol. 57, 379–384 (1985).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cohen, E., Terwilliger, E., Sodroski, J. et al. Identification of a protein encoded by the vpu gene of HIV-1. Nature 334, 532–534 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1038/334532a0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/334532a0
This article is cited by
-
HIV-1 Vpu protein forms stable oligomers in aqueous solution via its transmembrane domain self-association
Scientific Reports (2023)
-
Conserved residues within the HIV-1 Vpu transmembrane-proximal hinge region modulate BST2 binding and antagonism
Retrovirology (2017)
-
2-thio-6-azauridine inhibits Vpu mediated BST-2 degradation
Retrovirology (2016)
-
14-3-3s are potential biomarkers for HIV-related neurodegeneration
Journal of NeuroVirology (2012)
-
Specific VpU codon changes were significantly associated with gp120 V3 tropic signatures in HIV-1 B-subtype
Virologica Sinica (2012)
Comments
By submitting a comment you agree to abide by our Terms and Community Guidelines. If you find something abusive or that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it as inappropriate.