Abstract
The 3He A–B interface provides an unprecedented type of super-fluid boundary between two degenerate macroscopically coherent quantum systems which display different broken symmetries. As a consequence, the rotating superfluid A–B phase boundary is here predicted to exhibit novel physical features: vortices in superfluid He cannot perforate as such across the A–B interface. Instead, at the rotating phase boundary, the macroscopic rotation condition is fulfilled by a lattice of monopoles—or by exotic vortices with half-integer circulation quanta. Here we suggest that the resulting areal density of monopoles which persist in the phase boundary possibly enables, for the first time, their experimental detection in superfluid 3He.
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Salomaa, M. Monopoles in the rotating superfluid helium-3 A–B interface. Nature 326, 367–370 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1038/326367a0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/326367a0
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