Abstract
Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a T-cell-derived polypeptide hormone of 133 amino acids which exerts its growth-promoting activity via a surface receptor1. Originally, IL-2 was believed to be a unique growth factor for activated T cells2; more recent studies, however, have demonstrated that certain B-cell tumours3 as well as normal activated B lymphocytes4–6 express a surface molecule which is recognized by monoclonal antibodies directed against the IL-2 receptor. Furthermore, we7 and others6 have shown recently that activated B cells proliferate in response to either immunoaffinity-purified8 or recombinant9 IL-2. These controversial findings prompted us to undertake a detailed quantitative comparison of IL-2 receptor expression on activated B and T cells. We show here, using biosynthetically labelled IL-2 (3H-IL-2) and anti-IL-2 receptor antibody (3H-PC61) that activated B and T cells express both high-affinity (apparent dissociation constant, Kd ∼ 20 pM) and low-affinity (Kd ∼1,000 pM) IL-2 receptors. Binding of IL-2 to both classes of receptor is inhibited by the monoclonal anti-IL-2 receptor antibody PC61. B blasts express half as many total IL-2 binding sites or PC61 binding sites as T blasts, and the ratio of the number of low- to high-affinity receptors for each cell type is ∼10:1. Immunoprecipitation analysis of surface-labelled blasts indicates that B and T cells have IL-2 receptors of similar relative molecular mass. Taken together, these data suggest strongly that IL-2 can act as a growth hormone for both B and T lymphocytes.
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Lowenthal, J., Zubler, R., Nabholz, M. et al. Similarities between interleukin-2 receptor number and affinity on activated B and T lymphocytes. Nature 315, 669–672 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1038/315669a0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/315669a0
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