Abstract
Although the initiation of subduction is a key element in plate tectonic schemes for evolution of lithospheric plates, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Plate rupture is an important aspect of the process of creating a new subduction zone, as stresses of the order of kilobars are required to fracture oceanic lithosphere1. Therefore initiation of subduction could take place preferentially at pre-existing weakness zones or in regions where the lithosphere is prestressed. As such, transform faults2,3 and passive margins4,5 where the lithosphere is downflexed under the influence of sediment loading have been suggested. From a model study of passive margin evolution we found that ageing of passive margins alone does not make them more suitable sites for initiation of subduction. However, extensive sediment loading on young lithosphere might be an effective mechanism for closure of small ocean basins.
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Cloetingh, S., Wortel, M. & Vlaar, N. Evolution of passive continental margins and initiation of subduction zones. Nature 297, 139–142 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1038/297139a0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/297139a0
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