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Molecular Targets For Therapy

The histone deacetylase inhibitor ITF2357 has anti-leukemic activity in vitro and in vivo and inhibits IL-6 and VEGF production by stromal cells

Leukemia volume 21, pages 1892–1900 (2007)Cite this article

Abstract

We have investigated the activity of ITF2357, a novel hydroxamate histone deacetylase inhibitor, on multiple myeloma (MM) and acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) cells in vitro and in vivo. ITF2357 induced apoptosis in 8/9 MM and 6/7 AML cell lines, as well as 4/4 MM and 18/20 AML freshly isolated cases, with a mean IC50 of 0.2 μ M. ITF2357 activated the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, upregulated p21 and downmodulated Bcl-2 and Mcl-1. The drug induced hyperacetylation of histone H3, H4 and tubulin. When studied in more physiological conditions, ITF2357 was still strongly cytotoxic for the interleukin-6 (IL-6)-dependent MM cell line CMA-03, or for AML samples maximally stimulated by co-culture on mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), but not for the MSCs themselves. Interestingly, ITF2357 inhibited the production of IL-6, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interferon-γ by MSCs by 80–95%. Finally, the drug significantly prolonged survival of severe combined immunodeficient mice inoculated with the AML-PS in vivo passaged cell line already at the 10 mg/kg oral dose. These data demonstrate that ITF2357 has potent anti-neoplastic activity in vitro and in vivo through direct induction of leukemic cell apoptosis. Furthermore, the drug inhibits production of growth and angiogenic factors by bone marrow stromal cells, in particular IL-6 and VEGF.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Dr T Otsuki (Kavasaki Medical School, Okajama, Japan) for his kind gift of the KMS11, KMS12, KMS18 and KMS20 lines, Dr A Carobbio for the statistical analyses, Dr E Galbiati and G Mascheroni for their technical contribution. This work was in part supported by the ‘Associazione italiana contro le Leucemie - Linfomi (AiL) – sezione.

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Author notes

  1. L Cuppini and F Leoni: LC and FL have equally contributed to the work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Haematology, Ospedali Riuniti, Bergamo, Italy

    J Golay, L Cuppini, C Micò, V Barbui, M Domenghini, A M Barbui, A Salvi, M Introna & A Rambaldi

  2. Italfarmaco SpA, Cinisello Balsamo, Milano, Italy

    F Leoni, P Pozzi, G Porro, P Pagani, G Fossati & P Mascagni

  3. Laboratory of Molecular Genetic and Gene Expression, Fondazione Policlinico, IRCCS, Milano, Italy

    L Lombardi & A Neri

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Correspondence to A Rambaldi.

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Supplementary Information accompanies the paper on the Leukemia website (http://www.nature.com/leu)

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Golay, J., Cuppini, L., Leoni, F. et al. The histone deacetylase inhibitor ITF2357 has anti-leukemic activity in vitro and in vivo and inhibits IL-6 and VEGF production by stromal cells. Leukemia 21, 1892–1900 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.leu.2404860

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