Vocalization-at-presentation, Auditory Presentation and Immediate Recall

Abstract

PREVIOUS work¹ has shown that if subjects performed increasing degrees of vocalization on a visually presented list of 8 consonants, recall of that list improved monotonically as vocalization level increased. Thus voiced lists were better recalled than whispered lists, whispered lists than mouthed lists and mouthed lists than silently perceived lists. The relative efficiency of voicing as regards its effect on recall was greatest for lists presented at fast rates (4 letters/sec); written recall was also found to be superior to spoken recall, although there appeared to be no significant interaction between vocalization level at presentation and the mode of recall (spoken against written).