Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

  • Article
  • Published:

Fluttering Flight Mechanisms in Insects and Birds

Nature volume 204, pages 447–449 (1964)Cite this article

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Access options

Buy this article

  • Purchase on Springer Link
  • Instant access to full article PDF
Buy now

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

References

  1. Houghton, G., Nature, 201, 568 (1964).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. Houghton, G., Nature, 202, 870 (1964).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. Houghton, G., Nature, 202, 1183 (1964).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  4. Holst, E. von, and Küchemann, K., J. Roy. Aero. Soc., 46, 39 (1942).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Walker, G. T., J. Roy. Aero. Soc., 29, 590 (1925); 31, 337 (1927).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Osborne, M. F. M., J. Exp. Biol., 28, 221 (1951).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Jensen, M., Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc., B, 239, 511 (1956).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. Weis-Fogh, T., and Jensen, M., Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc., B, 239, 415 (1956).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. Weis-Fogh, T., Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc., B, 239, 459 (1956).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. Magnan, A., La Locomotion chez les Animaux, 1, Le Vol. des Insectes (Hermann et Cie, Paris, 1934).

    Google Scholar 

  11. Fage, A., and Johansen, F. C., Proc. Roy. Soc., A, 116, 170 (1927).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. Tchen, C. M., Ph.D. thesis, Delft, 1947; cf. Hinze, J. O., Turbulence (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1959).

    Google Scholar 

  13. Corrsin, S., and Lumley, J., Appl. Sci. Res., A, 6, 114 (1956).

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  14. Houghton, G., Proc. Roy. Soc., A, 272, 33 (1963).

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  15. Pringle, J. W. S., Insect Flight (University Press, Cambridge, 1957).

    Google Scholar 

  16. Lapple, C. E., and Shepherd, C. B., Indust. Eng. Chem., 32, 605 (1940).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Hocking, B., Trans. Roy. Entomol. Soc., 104, 223 (1953).

    Google Scholar 

  18. Sotavalta, O., Ann. (bot.-zool.) Soc. zool.-bot. fenn. Vanamo (Zool.), 15, 1 (1952).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Engineering and Mines, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

    G. HOUGHTON

Authors
  1. G. HOUGHTON
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

HOUGHTON, G. Fluttering Flight Mechanisms in Insects and Birds. Nature 204, 447–449 (1964). https://doi.org/10.1038/204447a0

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/204447a0

This article is cited by

Comments

By submitting a comment you agree to abide by our Terms and Community Guidelines. If you find something abusive or that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it as inappropriate.

Search

Advanced search

Quick links

Nature Briefing

Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily.

Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. Sign up for Nature Briefing