Abstract
ONE hundred years ago on September 14 (accoring to the Juka calendar ; September 27, modern reckoning Ivan Petrovich Pavlov was born, the son of a priest of one of the humble parishes in a provincial to of Ryazan in Russia. His high-school training was received in an ecclesiastical seminary in Ryazan. He graduated afterwards from the Natural Sciihck Faculity of the University of St. Petersburg, and in 1879 obtained his M.D. degree from the Medico-Chirurgical Academy in that city. During 1879–90 he was director of research in the laboratory of the famous clinician S. P. Botkin ; in 1885–86 he studied under Carl Ludwig in Leipzig and R. Heiden-hain in Breslau ; he was appointed in 1890 professor of pharmacology and in 1895 professor of physiology in the Military–Medical Academy in St. Petersburg. Almost simultaneously, namely, in 1891, he became director of the Department of Physiology in the Institute of Experimental Medicine, a position which he held until the day of his death. He was a member of many learned societies in Russia and abroad and held honorary degrees from several universities. He was married and had three sons and one daughter. He died in St. Petersburg on February 27, 1936.
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References
Only a part of Pavlov's work is available to English-speaking readers. It is contained in his “Conditioned Reflexes’ (Oxford University Press, 1927); ”Lectures on Conditioned Reflexes’ (International Publishers, New York, 1928) and “Conditioned Reflexes and Psychiatry’ (International Publishers, New York, 1941).
See Babkin, B. P., “Origin of the Theory of Conditioned Reflexes", Arch. Neural, and Psychiat., 60, 520 (1948). A full discussion of Pavlov's scientific achievements will be found in my ”Pavlov: a Biography’ (University of Chicago Press, in the press).
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BABKIN, B. Ivan Petrovich Pavlov (1849–1936). Nature 164, 510–511 (1949). https://doi.org/10.1038/164510a0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/164510a0