Abstract
THE molecule of ethylene halide, XH2C-CH2X, has an axis C-C, around which the two CH2X groups are capable of rotation, but not all the rotational states are equally probable. The most stable state corresponds to the trans configuration which has a centre of symmetry and no dipole moment. The mean dipole moment of the molecule increases with the decreasing number of molecules in the trans state1. We have made intensity measurements of the Raman lines together with the dipole moments2 and have shown that the intensity ratio I(1)/I(2) of the two strong Raman lines 1 and 2 decreases as the number of molecules in the trans state increases (1 = 653, 2 = 752 for C2H4C12 and 1 = 551, 2 = 656 for C2H4Br2). The intensity measurement was also carried out for the solid state and at lower temperatures, and it was observed that the line 1 disappeared completely, while the line 2 remained very strong, that is, I(1)/I(2) = 0.
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Mizushima and Higasi, Proc. Imp. Acad. Japan, 8, 482 (1932).
Mizushima, Morino and Higasi, Phys. Z., 35, 905 (1934). Sci. Pap. I.P.C.R. Tokyo, 26, 1 (1934).
Mizushima and Morino, Phys. Z., 36, 600 (1935). Sci. Pap. I.P.C.R. Tokyo, 26, 1 (1934).
Kohlrausch, Z. phys. Chem., B, 18, 61 (1932), ibid., 29, 274 (1935).
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MIZUSHIMA, SI., MORINO, Y. & NOZRI, S. Raman Effect and Free Rotation. Nature 137, 945 (1936). https://doi.org/10.1038/137945a0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/137945a0
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