Abstract
ACCORDING to the accepted views on atomic structure, the atoms of nickel, palladium, and platinum should, in the fundamental state, show the same outer electronic structure, namely, s2d8, where s denotes an electron with l=0 and d an electron with l=2. Spectroscopic evidence seems to indicate that, in the case of palladium, the electronic distribution corresponding to the fundamental state is d10. The magnetic properties of the compounds of these elements show great dissimilarity; for example, while NiCl2 is paramagnetic and has a magnetic moment of about 14–16 Weiss magnetons, both PdCl2 and PtCl2 are diamagnetic (Bose and Bhar, Zeit. f. Physik., Vol. 48, p. 716). This difference was explained by these authors on the assumption that in NiCl2 the two outer s electrons of the nickel atom are transferred to the two Cl atoms giving rise to a polar molecule, while in the other two compounds the two chlorine atoms are in covalent bond with the two uncoupled d electrons in the atoms respectively of palladium, or of platinum, thus neutralising the magnetic moments of these atoms. It has, however, been found that both K2PtCl4 and K2Ni(CN)4 are diamagnetic.
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BOSE, D. A Diamagnetic Simple Salt of Nickel. Nature 125, 708 (1930). https://doi.org/10.1038/125708a0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/125708a0
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