Abstract
PARIS. Academy of Sciences, July 16.—M. Albin Haller in the chair.—L. C. Jackson and H. Kamerlingh Onnes: The magnetic properties of gadolinum ethylsulphate at low temperatures. The determination of the magnetic susceptibility of the powdered salt at temperatures ranging between 14°-56 K. (thelowest temperature obtainable with liquid hydrogen) and 29i°-5 K., showed that gadolinum ethylsulphate obeys Curie's law, the product of the molecular susceptibility and the absolute temperature was constant. A single large crystal, the salt, although crystallising in the hexagonal system, was found to be magnetically isotropic.—J. B. Senderens and J. Aboulenc: The catalytic preparation of the amino-cyclohexanols. Para- and ortho-nitrophenol are reduced by hydrogen under pressure (50 atmospheres) in the presence of nickel as catalyst. The reduction takes places in stages; at 90° C. aminophenol is produced, but if the temperature is raised to 180° C., additional hydrogen absorption occurs and amino-cyclohexanol is obtained.—Charles Nicolle and E. Conseil: New facts concerning measles. Preventive vaccination. Conditions of contagion. The serum of convalescents confers a temporary immunity from infection: serovaccination, an injection of serum from a convalescent, followed 24 hours later by injection of blood from a patient with measles, confers a longer immunity. Contrary to the accepted view, the author maintains that one attack ofmeasles does not confer permanent immunity, but a recurrence of the disease may be so mild (a rise of temperature only without eruption) that the nature of the disease on the second attack may escape recognition.— Philip Fox: Measurements of stellar parallax at the Dearborn Observatory.Data for 31 stars are given; each figure is derived from measurementsof from ii to 21 photographs.—M. Holweck: A high-power lamp for wireless telegraphy with removable parts. Diagram and description of a triode lamp of 10 kilowatt type now in use for postal service at the Eiffel Tower station. The lamp can be taken to pieces, the joints being either rubber or ground glass. For maintaining the vacuum, the lamp is permanently connected with the helicoidal molecular pump, described in an earlier communication (Comptes rendus, 177, p. 43).—A. Dauvillier: An experimental verification of the theory of Rontgen ray spectra due to a multiple atomic ionisation.—Pierre Auger: The secondary /3-rays produced in a gas by the X-rays. By a modification of C. T. R. Wilson's method, taking simultaneous photographs in two perpendicular directions, information has been obtained about the trajectories of the electrons torn from the atoms of a gas by a bundle of X-rays.—M. Escher: The polonium carried down with bismuth hydrate in soda solution. When an acid solution containing bismuth and polonium is precipitated with soda, the polonium is distributed between the precipitate and the solution. The distribution of the polonium between the two phases is a function of the number of molecules of bismuth and of soda present in a given volume of the mixture. Two sets of experimental results are given in graphical form.—N. Yannakis: The vapour pressures of mixtures of hydrochloric acid and water.—P. Mondain Monval: The allotropic transformation of ammonium nitrate at 32° C. From thelaw of solubility given by Le Chatelier, it follows that two varieties of the same salt having different latent heats of solution should have different solubility curves, and at their point of intersection, the two curves having different directions, should show an angular point. Determinations of the solubility of ammonium nitrate at eleven temperatures between 26.7° and 39.2° C. and calori-metric experiments on the same salt at 28° C. and 36° C. give results confirming the views of Le Chatelier.—P. Laffitte: The propagation of the explosive wave. A study by the photographic method of the explosion of mixtures of carbon bisulphide and oxygen in spherical glass vessels.—Mile. Chamie: The ionisation produced by the hydration of quinine sulphate.— Albert Colson: The range of the displacement of equilibrium.—E. Decarriere: The catalytic oxidation of ammonia by air in contact with pure palladium. The yield of oxidised nitrogen is a function of the temperature of the catalyst, the percentage of ammonia in the gas entering, and also of the physical state of the metal. The results of experiments on the effects of the last factor are given.—Andre Job and Andre Samuel: Oxidation phenomena in the complex nickel cyanides: valence, co-ordination, coloration.—M. Marange: The identification of cocoa butter by miscibility curves.—M. Haehl:—Chlorodiphenylsulphone. The chlorodiphenylsul-phone prepared by Beckurts and Otto has been prepared by another method and is shown to be the para compound.—L. Bert: The chloride of cumyl-magnesium.—Mile. N. Wolff: The furfural- and difurfural-7-methylcyclohexanones.—R. Fosse and A. Hieulle: Xanthyl-allantoin. The precipitation of this compound from an acetic acid solution serves to identify allantoin, and to precipitate it from solution containing very small proportions.—A. Mailhe: The preparation of petroleum starting from vegetable oils. Dry distillation of rape oil with zinc chloride gave more than 50 per cent. of hydrocarbons consisting of paraffins and unsaturated ethylene derivatives.—Andre Helbronner and Gustave Bernstein: The action of the antioxygens on rubber. Crude depolymerised rubber is preserved from oxidation by the presence of small proportions of anti-oxygens, such as tannin or hydroquinone. Vulcanised rubber thus treated does not show the usual effects of ageing.—Paul Woog: Direct observation of the hydration of hydrocarbons.—A. Loubiere: A new genus of Pyrenomycetes.—Emile F. Terroine, R. Bonnet, and P. H. Joessel: The influence of temperature on the energy yield in germination.—A. Polack: The correct form of the experiment on the chromatism of the eye by the partial closing of the pupil.—R. Faillie and J. P. Langlois: The vertical oscillation of the centre of gravity of the body while walking down aninclined plane.—Mme. Anna Drzewina and Georges Bohn: The influence of light on the activating power of the sperm of the sea urchin.—Ch. Dejean: Role of the middle layer in the assemblage of the first beginnings of the eye,-P. Lecene and H. Bierry: The demonstration of the presence of sucrase in the wall of the mucoid cysts of the ovary.
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Societies and Academies. Nature 112, 226–228 (1923). https://doi.org/10.1038/112226a0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/112226a0