Abstract
PENCIL pigments may be classified in the following groups: (1) Metallic lead or alloys of lead; (2) graphite cut from the block; (3) early composite pigments containing graphite, sulphur, resins, etc., but no clay; (4) graphite powder compressed into blocks; and (5) composite pigments containing graphite with clay and other ingredients. These pigments usually show distinctive microscopic characteristics in the marks which they produce.
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MITCHELL, C. Characteristics of Pigments in Early Pencil Writing. Nature 105, 12–14 (1920). https://doi.org/10.1038/105012a0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/105012a0