Abstract
LONDON. Chemical Society, October 18.—Sir W. Ramsay, K.C.B., F.R.S., in the chair.—The Longstaff medal was presented to Prof. W. Noël Hartley, F.R.S., of Dublin, for his researches in spectrochemistry.—The description and spectrographic analysis of a meteorite stone: W. N. Hartley. This stony meteorite was seen to fall in the Kangra Valley, Northern Punjaub, in 1897. The principal constituents of the metallic portion are iron, nickel, cobalt, and chromium, with small quantities of copper, lead, silver, and gallium. Manganese, calcium, potassium, and sodium are only present in minute proportions.—Malacone, a silicate of zirconium containing argon and helium: S. Kitchin and W. G. Winterson. This mineral, found at Hitteroe and Arendal, Norway, is radio-active, and gives off a mixture of helium and argon when heated. The analysis, discounting ferric oxide, uranium oxide, &c., points to the ratio 3ZrO2: 2SiO2 between the zirconia and the silica—The relationship of colour and fluorescence to constitution, part i., the condensation products of mellitic and pyromellitic acid with resorcinol: O. Silberrad. One of the chief interests of this work lies in its bearing on the quinone theory of the structure of the phthaleins. Many of the compounds described do not admit of formulation on the quinone type, but are nevertheless intense colouring matters, and strongly fluorescent.—Separation of αα- and ββ-dimethyladipic acids: A. W. Crossley and Miss N. Renouf.—Action of alcoholic potassium hydroxide on 3-bromo-I: I-dimethylhexahydrobenzene: A. W. Crossley and Miss N. Renouf.—The conversion of morphine and codeine into optical isomerides, preliminary communication: F. H. Lees and F. Tutin. The facts obtained permit of the following conclusions respecting the constitution of morphine:—(1) the isomeric codeines are the result of the racemisation of two asymmetric carbon atoms in molecule which must necessarily contain a third asymmetric system; (2) the carbon atoms which undergo racemisation are most probably those in the reduced phenanthrene nucleus to which the alcoholic hydroxyl group and the nitrogen atom are respectively attached; (3) The possible isomeric codeines must be represented by the configurations + + –, + – –, – + –, – – – —The aminodicarboxylic acid derived from pinene: W. A. Tilden and D. F. Blyther. Details are given for the preparation of the acid and its hydrochloride, nitrate, acid oxalate, copper salt, ethyl ester and its hydrochloride, and the acetyl derivative.—The preparation and properties of dihydropinylamine (pinocamphylamine): W. A. Tilden and F. G. hepheard. Dihydropinylarnine is the chief product of the reduction of nitrosopinene by means of boiling amyl alcohol and sodium. The hydrochloride, platinichloride, picrate, nitrate, oxalate, also the acetyl and benzoyl derivatives and the carbamide, have been prepared and analysed-Determination of nitrates: F. S. Sinnatt. It is shown that Knecht and Hibberts method for the estimation of picric acid (Ber., 1903, xxxvi., 1549) may be applied to the estimation of nitrates—The nature of ammoniacal copper solutions: H. M. Dawson. The experimental data obtained indicate the existence in solution of a dissociating complex compound containing four molecules of ammonia per atom of copper.—The colouring matters of the stilbene group, part iii.: A. G. Green and P. F. Crosland. It is shown that all the dyestuffs of the stilbene series are true azo-compounds. Their chromophor being an azogroup, their dyeing properties are now satisfactorily explained. They differ, however, from most other azo-dyestuffs in the entire absence of auxochrome groups.—Interaction of succinic acid and potassium dichromate. Note on a black modification of chromium sesquioxide: E. A. Werner. When a mixture of finely powdered potassium dichromate (1 mol.) and succinic acid (6 mols.) is heated, a compound having the composition Cr4(C4H4O4)5,7H2O is formed which has not the properties of a chromo-organic acid. The chromium hydroxide produced from it by decomposition with sodium hydroxide leaves a jet-black modification of the sesquioxide after ignition.—Derivatives of polyvalent iodine. The action of chlorine on organic iodo-derivatives, including the suiphonium and tetrasubstituted ammonium iodides: E. A. Werner.—The so-called “benzidine chromate” and allied substances: J. Moir. This substance, which resembles cœrulignone, results on mixing solutions of benzidine and chromium trioxide. It is the chromate, not of benzidine, but of a complex oxidation product of the latter.—New derivatives of diphenol (4: 4′-dihydroxydiphenol): J. Moir. By the sulphonation of diphenol the author has prepared the 3: 3′-disulphonic acid, the 3: 5: 3′-trisulphonic acid, and the 3: 5: 3: 5′-tetrasulphonic acid.—The interaction of the alkyl sulphates with the nitrites of the alkali metals and metals of the alkaline earths: P. C. Ray and P. Neogi. By the interaction of the sodium, potassium, barium, and calcium salts of ethyl sulphuric acid and the nitrites of the alkali metals and metals of the alkaline earths, both ethyl nitrite and nitroethane were formed.—The electrolytic preparation of dialkyldisulphides. Preliminary note: T. S. Price and D. F. Twiss. By the electrolysis of a concentrated aqueous solution of ethyl sodium thiosuiphate, commonly known as Bunte's salt, diethyldisulphide is formed at the anode. Similar results were obtained by electrolysing solutions of benzyl sodium thiosulphate, dibenzyldisulphide being produced.—The direct union of carbon and hydrogen at high temperatures: J. N. Pring and R. S. Hutton.—The action of nitrogen sulphide on certain metallic chlorides: O. C. M. Davis. When nitrogen suiphide dissolved in dry chloroform is added to the tetrachlorides of tin and titanium, the pentachlorides of antimony and molybdenum, and also tungsten hexachloride dissolved in the same solvent, interaction readily takes place. The compounds formed are represented by the formuke SnCl4,2N4S4, SbCl5,N4S4, MoCl5,N4S4, WoCl4,N4S4, and Ti2Cl6,N4S4.—The determination of halogen: J. Moir.
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Societies and Academies . Nature 75, 23–24 (1906). https://doi.org/10.1038/075023a0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/075023a0