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| Open AccessA fast-charging/discharging and long-term stable artificial electrode enabled by space charge storage mechanism
Lithium-ion batteries with fast-charging properties are urgently needed for wide adoption of electric vehicles. Here, the authors show a fast charging/discharging and long-term stable electrode made from a mixed electronic/ionic conductor material enabled by a space charge mechanism.
- Linyi Zhao
- , Tiansheng Wang
- & Guihua Yu
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Article
| Open AccessSynthetic molecular switches driven by DNA-modifying enzymes
Molecular switches are ubiquitous in the biochemistry regulatory network. Here, the authors construct synthetic molecular switches controlled by DNA-modifying enzymes such as DNA polymerase and nicking endonuclease to control and cascade assembly and disassembly.
- Hong Kang
- , Yuexuan Yang
- & Bryan Wei
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| Open AccessMulti-site integrated optical addressing of trapped ions
A promising strategy for scaling trapped-ion-based quantum technologies is to use fully integrated optical waveguides to deliver light to numerous ions at multiple sites. Here, the authors. optically address three ions using on-chip waveguides to deliver three distinct wavelengths per ion, and perform Rabi flopping on each ion simultaneously.
- Joonhyuk Kwon
- , William J. Setzer
- & Hayden J. McGuinness
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Article
| Open AccessTunneling current-controlled spin states in few-layer van der Waals magnets
Magnetic tunnel junctions consist of two magnetic layers, separated by a thin insulator. The simplicity belies the industrial importance: magnetic tunnel junctions have a very wide variety of applications in contemporary society. Here, Fu et al present a magnetic tunnel junction composed of single van der Waals magnetic insulator, CrI3, exhibiting remarkably low power consumption.
- ZhuangEn Fu
- , Piumi I. Samarawickrama
- & Jifa Tian
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| Open AccessAn artificial visual neuron with multiplexed rate and time-to-first-spike coding
Multiplexed spiking data coding schemes could enable artificial visual neurons to emulate the human visual system in a more biologically plausible way. Here, Li et al. present an artificial neuron device capable of encoding visual analog signals into spike trains using multiplexed rate and temporal fusion coding. Reviewer recognition:
- Fanfan Li
- , Dingwei Li
- & Bowen Zhu
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| Open AccessBiocomposite thermoplastic polyurethanes containing evolved bacterial spores as living fillers to facilitate polymer disintegration
Plastic pollution severely threatens the resilience of nature. Here, the authors utilize the spore-forming, polymer-degrading bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, as a living filler to develop biocomposite thermoplastic polyurethane with improved mechanical properties and biodegradation.
- Han Sol Kim
- , Myung Hyun Noh
- & Jonathan K. Pokorski
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Article
| Open AccessIntegrated 2D multi-fin field-effect transistors
Here, the authors report the ledge-guided epitaxial growth of high-density 2D Bi2O2Se fin arrays and their application for the realization of 2D multi-channel fin field-effect transistors, showing improved on-state currents as the number of integrated channels is increased.
- Mengshi Yu
- , Congwei Tan
- & Hailin Peng
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Article
| Open AccessIn situ enzymatic control of colloidal phoresis and catalysis through hydrolysis of ATP
The design of synthetic systems that can sense chemical gradients and respond with directional motility and chemical activity is of interest. Here, the authors realize and control such behaviors in a synthetic system by tailoring multivalent interactions of adenosine nucleotides with catalytic microbeads.
- Ekta Shandilya
- , Bhargav Rallabandi
- & Subhabrata Maiti
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Article
| Open AccessAll-natural 2D nanofluidics as highly-efficient osmotic energy generators
Researchers report a sustainable nanofluidic osmotic energy harvester made from natural montmorillonite clay nanosheets and recycled cellulose. Scaled-up films of 700 cm2 show power output of 8 W m−2 with stability over 30 days
- Jiadong Tang
- , Yun Wang
- & Tieyong Zuo
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| Open AccessRoom-temperature low-threshold avalanche effect in stepwise van-der-Waals homojunction photodiodes
The avalanche or carrier-multiplication effect has the potential to improve the performance of photodetectors and solar cells, but usually requires high threshold energies. Here, the authors report stepwise WSe2 homojunctions exhibiting threshold energies approaching the semiconductor bandgap at room temperature.
- Hailu Wang
- , Hui Xia
- & Wei Lu
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Article
| Open AccessRevealing hidden spin polarization in centrosymmetric van der Waals materials on ultrafast timescales
A major challenge for spin-based information technologies is the generation of spin polarization in otherwise nonmagnetic materials. Here, Arnoldi et al. demonstrate how ultrafast laser excitations can be used to generate spin polarization in a fullerene/tungsten diselenide heterostructure.
- B. Arnoldi
- , S. L. Zachritz
- & B. Stadtmüller
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Article
| Open AccessStaggered structural dynamic-mediated selective adsorption of H2O/D2O on flexible graphene oxide nanosheets
Graphene oxide is a promising material for molecular separation technologies. Here, the authors propose a realistic staggered stacking structure that plays a crucial role in H/D recognition in water adsorption, as well as high mobilities of water.
- Ryusuke Futamura
- , Taku Iiyama
- & Katsumi Kaneko
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| Open AccessImaging 3D chemistry at 1 nm resolution with fused multi-modal electron tomography
The authors demonstrate 3D chemical imaging of organic and inorganic materials near or below one-nanometer resolution using multi-modal electron tomography, by fusing elastic and inelastic scattering signals.
- Jonathan Schwartz
- , Zichao Wendy Di
- & Robert Hovden
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Article
| Open AccessMulti-level, forming and filament free, bulk switching trilayer RRAM for neuromorphic computing at the edge
Filamentary RRAM technologies suffer from variations and noise, leading to computational accuracy loss, and increased energy consumption. Park et al. created a trilayer metal-oxide bulk switching RRAM technology without filament formation and showed edge computing for an autonomous navigation task.
- Jaeseoung Park
- , Ashwani Kumar
- & Duygu Kuzum
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Article
| Open AccessSweat permeable and ultrahigh strength 3D PVDF piezoelectric nanoyarn fabric strain sensor
Electronic packaging causes piezoelectric sensors to be airtight, resulting in poor wearing comfort. To address this issue, the authors develop a 3D all-fiber piezoelectric sensor with sweat permeable using the advanced 3D textile technology.
- Wei Fan
- , Ruixin Lei
- & Shengbo Ge
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Article
| Open AccessEnergy-efficient superparamagnetic Ising machine and its application to traveling salesman problems
Ising machines are promising for solving NP-hard problems, but current implementations have power consumption and scalability challenges. Si et al. implement an Ising machine consisting of 80 superparamagnetic tunnel junctions with all-to-all connections and apply it to a large-scale travelling salesman problem.
- Jia Si
- , Shuhan Yang
- & Hyunsoo Yang
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Article
| Open AccessFunctionalized MXene ink enables environmentally stable printed electronics
Here, authors demonstrate the electrohydrodynamic printing of alkylated 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine functionalized MXene (AD-MXene) ink. The AD-MXene outperforms vacuum-deposited Au and Al electrodes, providing thin film transistors with good environmental stability due to its hydrophobicity.
- Tae Yun Ko
- , Heqing Ye
- & Insik In
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| Open AccessCorrelation between two distant quasiparticles in separate superconducting islands mediated by a single spin
The authors experimentally study a chain of superconducting islands (SI) and quantum dots (QD), where a Bogoliubov quasiparticle occupies each SI. They demonstrate correlations between the quasiparticles in each SI mediated by a single spin on the QD, known as an “over-screened" doublet state of the QD.
- Juan Carlos Estrada Saldaña
- , Alexandros Vekris
- & Jesper Nygård
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Article
| Open AccessTransparent integrated pyroelectric-photovoltaic structure for photo-thermo hybrid power generation
The full potential of photoelectric devices can possibly be maximized through pyroelectricity for power generation beyond thermodynamic limit. Here, authors report photovoltaic heterostructure device with pyroelectric absorber, achieving 2.5 times more output power due to long-range electric field.
- Malkeshkumar Patel
- , Hyeong-Ho Park
- & Joondong Kim
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| Open AccessExosome-coated oxygen nanobubble-laden hydrogel augments intracellular delivery of exosomes for enhanced wound healing
Challenges including hypoxia, inflammation, and inadequate exosome intracellular delivery hinder wound healing. Here, the authors show that a multifunctional exosome-coated oxygen nanobubble-laden hydrogel enhances exosome delivery and mitigates hypoxia for enhanced wound healing.
- Xiaoxue Han
- , Chaimongkol Saengow
- & Joseph Irudayaraj
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| Open AccessAutonomous self-healing supramolecular polymer transistors for skin electronics
Integrating self-healing capabilities into skin-like stretchable transistors presents a persistent challenge. Here, by using a supramolecular polymer matrix, the authors develop autonomous self-healing transistors and skin-like logic circuits.
- Ngoc Thanh Phuong Vo
- , Tae Uk Nam
- & Jin Young Oh
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| Open AccessHighly defective ultra-small tetravalent MOF nanocrystals
Crystalline materials’ properties are highly dependent on their size. Here authors report a general synthesis of ultrasmall (4–6 nm) and highly defective Zr/Hf-Metal Organic Frameworks nanoparticles that present enhanced peptide hydrolysis performance.
- Shan Dai
- , Charlotte Simms
- & Christian Serre
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| Open AccessAn ultra energy-efficient hardware platform for neuromorphic computing enabled by 2D-TMD tunnel-FETs
The most successful commercial implementations of neuromorphic computing circuits are limited to digital-CMOS-circuit based approaches to date. Along this line, Pal et al. improve the energy efficiency by two orders of magnitude using two-dimensional layered material-based tunnel-field-effect transistors.
- Arnab Pal
- , Zichun Chai
- & Kaustav Banerjee
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Article
| Open AccessInkjet-printed optical interference filters
Optical interference filters are multilayer structures for controlling the propagation of electromagnetic waves. Jin et al. have developed a method of via inkjet printing to fabricate optical interference filters with commercially relevant quality with remarkable A4 paper size (29.7 × 21.0 cm²) in ambient conditions.
- Qihao Jin
- , Qiaoshuang Zhang
- & Uli Lemmer
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| Open AccessHigh-throughput quantum photonic devices emitting indistinguishable photons in the telecom C-band
An efficient way of realising a large number of telecom single-photon emitters for quantum communication is still missing. Here, the authors use a wide-field imaging technique for fast localization of single InAs/InP quantum dots, which are then integrated into circular Bragg grating cavities featuring high single-photon purity and indistinguishability.
- Paweł Holewa
- , Daniel A. Vajner
- & Elizaveta Semenova
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Article
| Open AccessMechanoelectronic stimulation of autologous extracellular vesicle biosynthesis implant for gut microbiota modulation
Pathogenic gut microbiota is responsible for a few debilitating gastrointestinal Diseases. Here, the authors develop a wireless mechanoelectronic device designed to manufacture of functional vesicles in vivo to regulate microbiome.
- Shuangshuang Wan
- , Kepeng Wang
- & Lianhui Wang
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| Open AccessA CMOS-compatible oscillation-based VO2 Ising machine solver
Oscillating neural networks promise ultralow power consumption and rapid computation for tackling complex optimization problems. Here, the authors demonstrate VO2 oscillators to solve NP-complete problems with projected power consumption of 13 µW/oscillator.
- Olivier Maher
- , Manuel Jiménez
- & Siegfried Karg
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| Open AccessExciton polariton condensation from bound states in the continuum at room temperature
Bound states in continuum have attracted attention in various platforms, and recently condensation of bound states in continuum polariton modes was demonstrated at low temperatures. Here the authors report the observation of such a state in a periodic air-hole perovskite-based photonic crystal at room temperature.
- Xianxin Wu
- , Shuai Zhang
- & Xinfeng Liu
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Article
| Open AccessMolecular robotic agents that survey molecular landscapes for information retrieval
Various methods, using DNA, have been reported for the recording of biomolecular interactions, but most are either destructive in nature or are limited to reporting pairwise interactions. Here the authors develop DNA-based motors, termed ‘crawlers’, that roam around and record their trajectories to allow the examination of molecular environments.
- Sungwook Woo
- , Sinem K. Saka
- & Peng Yin
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Article
| Open AccessUltrafast photoluminescence and multiscale light amplification in nanoplasmonic cavity glass
This article presents a unique nanocomposite plasmonic-excitonic glass with extraordinary amplified optical properties: ultra-narrow photoluminescence (FWHM = 13 nm) and ultrashort photoluminescence lifetime (90 ps) at room temperature
- Piotr Piotrowski
- , Marta Buza
- & Dorota A. Pawlak
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Article
| Open AccessDefect scattering can lead to enhanced phonon transport at nanoscale
Defects in materials are well known to suppress thermal transport. Here, the authors demonstrate that introducing defects in nanoscale heating zone enhances thermal conductance by up to 75% through reducing directional phonon nonequilibrium.
- Yue Hu
- , Jiaxuan Xu
- & Hua Bao
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Article
| Open AccessInterface-induced dual-pinning mechanism enhances low-frequency electromagnetic wave loss
This paper proposes a dual-pinning mechanism induced by a magneto-electric bias interface and uses it to designs a double-layer core-shell structure, demonstrating that the mechanism improves electromagnetic wave absorption in the low-frequency bands.
- Bo Cai
- , Lu Zhou
- & Guang-Sheng Wang
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Article
| Open AccessCorrelation-driven nonequilibrium exciton site transition in a WSe2/WS2 moiré supercell
Correlated insulator states of moire excitons in transition metal dichalcogenide heterostructures have attracted significant attention recently. Here the authors use time-resolved pump-probe spectroscopy to demonstrate the effects of non-equilibrium correlations of moire excitons in WSe2/WS2 heterobilayers.
- Jinjae Kim
- , Jiwon Park
- & Hyunyong Choi
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Article
| Open AccessAn enzymatic continuous-flow reactor based on a pore-size matching nano- and isoporous block copolymer membrane
Continuous-flow biocatalysis with immobilized enzymes is a sustainable route for chemical synthesis, but inadequate biocatalytic efficiency caused by non-productive enzyme immobilization or enzyme-carrier mismatches presents a challenge for its application. Here, the authors report an approach for the fabrication of a high-performance enzymatic continuous-flow reactor via integrating scalable isoporous block copolymer membranes as carriers with an oriented one-step enzyme immobilization via a genetically fused material binding peptide.
- Zhenzhen Zhang
- , Liang Gao
- & Volker Abetz
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| Open AccessAssembly of short amphiphilic peptoids into nanohelices with controllable supramolecular chirality
Helical protein assemblies are an important biological structure, but are challenging to mimic with synthetic materials. Here, the authors report the use of peptoids to form nanohelix structures with controllable supramolecular chirality.
- Renyu Zheng
- , Mingfei Zhao
- & Chun-Long Chen
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Article
| Open AccessTopology selectivity of a conformationally flexible precursor through selenium doping
Research into the control of conformational arrangements is of great importance for achieving bespoke nanoarchitectures. Here, the authors achieve topology selectivity of a conformationally flexible precursor by Se doping.
- Liangliang Cai
- , Tianhao Gao
- & Andrew T. S. Wee
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| Open AccessTunable stochastic memristors for energy-efficient encryption and computing
Integrating security, computing and memory capabilities in ion-migration-driven memristors is challenging. Here, Woo et al. experimentally demonstrates a single system that performs cryptographic key generation, universal Boolean logic operations, and encryption/decryption.
- Kyung Seok Woo
- , Janguk Han
- & Cheol Seong Hwang
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| Open AccessAll-silicon multidimensionally-encoded optical physical unclonable functions for integrated circuit anti-counterfeiting
The researchers introduce an all-silicon optical PUF that enhances IoT device security through CMOS-compatible fabrication, showcasing five unique optical responses per pixel for advanced authentication and high information entropy.
- Kun Wang
- , Jianwei Shi
- & Deren Yang
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| Open AccessStress-induced ordering evolution of 1D segmented heteronanostructures and their chemical post-transformations
The formation mechanisms for periodic heterostructures are still poorly understood. Here, the authors propose a versatile approach to synthesize one-dimensional segmented heterostructures and reveal a stress-induced ordering mechanism through phase-field simulations.
- Qing-Xia Chen
- , Yu-Yang Lu
- & Shu-Hong Yu
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| Open AccessGrowth of millimeter-sized 2D metal iodide crystals induced by ion-specific preference at water-air interfaces
Here, the authors report the growth of millimetre-scale 2D PbI2 single crystals via the spontaneous accumulation and in-plane arrangement of iodide ions at the water-air interface. The metal iodide crystals could be thinned down to a single monolayer via water etching, and subsequently converted into perovskite optoelectronic devices.
- Jingxian Zhong
- , Dawei Zhou
- & Lin Wang
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Article
| Open AccessControlled condensation by liquid contact-induced adaptations of molecular conformations in self-assembled monolayers
Surface condensation is predetermined and is typically adjusted by chemical or topographical surface modification. Here, the authors report on a strategy to control the surface condensation behavior by adjusting molecular conformations in self-assembled monolayers.
- Guoying Bai
- , Haiyan Zhang
- & Yufeng Liu
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Article
| Open AccessFlexible calorimetric flow sensor with unprecedented sensitivity and directional resolution for multiple flight parameter detection
Accurate perception of flight parameters is critical for flight control of micro air vehicles. Here, authors present a flexible calorimetric flow sensor with vanadium oxide thermistor arrays for flight parameters estimation, such as angle of attack and sideslip, flight velocity, and wing vibration.
- Zheng Gong
- , Weicheng Di
- & Huawei Chen
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Article
| Open AccessMultilevel design and construction in nanomembrane rolling for three-dimensional angle-sensitive photodetection
Zhang et al. report a quasistatic multilevel finite element model to predict the 3D structures assembled by 2D nanomembranes, validated by large-scale, high-yield, and configurable fabrication. 3D Si/Cr photodetectors assisted by neural network are employed to resolve the incident light angle.
- Ziyu Zhang
- , Binmin Wu
- & Yongfeng Mei
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Article
| Open AccessKinetically controlled metal-elastomer nanophases for environmentally resilient stretchable electronics
Metal-elastomer nanophases are critical for stretchable electronics but face mixing challenges. This study introduces a kinetic method for precise mixing, yielding gyrified nanophases with improved durability and strain-invariant conductivity, which holds promise for resilient stretchable devices.
- Soosang Chae
- , Won Jin Choi
- & Tae Il Lee
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Article
| Open AccessMechanism of DNA origami folding elucidated by mesoscopic simulations
The self-assembly process of DNA nanostructures is still not well understood, especially for DNA origami. Here, the authors present a mesoscopic model that uses a switchable force field to capture the mechanical behavior of single- and double-stranded DNA motifs and transition between them, allowing access to the long assembly timescales of DNA origami up to several kilobases in size.
- Marcello DeLuca
- , Daniel Duke
- & Gaurav Arya
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Article
| Open AccessWater-assisted oxidative redispersion of Cu particles through formation of Cu hydroxide at room temperature
Redispersion of sintered metal species requires high temperatures in reactive atmospheres. Here, the authors report room temperature redispersion of supported Cu particles via formation of mobile hydroxylated Cu species induced by gaseous H2O and anchoring of the Cu species by surface OH groups.
- Yamei Fan
- , Rongtan Li
- & Qiang Fu
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Article
| Open AccessEssential role of lattice oxygen in hydrogen sensing reaction
Understanding the sensing mechanism of metal oxide semiconductors is imperative for developing high-performance sensors. Here, the participation of lattice oxygen, caused by additional Ge, boosts the hydrogen sensing ability of SnO2.
- Jiayu Li
- , Wenzhe Si
- & Guo-Dong Li
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Article
| Open AccessRewritable printing of ionic liquid nanofilm utilizing focused ion beam induced film wetting
With a helium focused ion beam, an ionic liquid can undergo induced wetting to flow into a desired pattern on a surface in a controllable, rewriteable manner. Combined with electrochemical deposition, patterned solid materials can be produced.
- Haohao Gu
- , Kaixin Meng
- & Hao Wang
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| Open AccessDecoding early stress signaling waves in living plants using nanosensor multiplexing
Upon stress, plants activate a signaling cascade leading to resistance or stress adaptation. Here, Ang & Saju et al. use sensor multiplexing to elucidate the interplay between H2O2 and SA signaling as plants mount stress-specific defense responses.
- Mervin Chun-Yi Ang
- , Jolly Madathiparambil Saju
- & Rajani Sarojam