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| Open AccessFree-standing supramolecular hydrogel objects by reaction-diffusion
Reaction-diffusion controls the spatial formation of many natural structures but is rarely applied to organic materials. Here, the authors couple reaction-diffusion to the self-assembly of a supramolecular gelator, introducing a strategy to forming soft, free-standing objects with controlled shape and functionality.
- Matija Lovrak
- , Wouter E. J. Hendriksen
- & Jan H. van Esch
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Article
| Open AccessSynthesis of extended polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by oxidative tandem spirocyclization and 1,2-aryl migration
Simple synthetic routes to polyaromatic hydrocarbons are important due to their applications in organic electronics. Here the authors report a straightforward synthesis of a diverse range of polyaromatic hydrocarbons, via a one-pot oxidative cyclisation and subsequent 1,2-aryl migration.
- Xuan Zhang
- , Zhanqiang Xu
- & Tienan Jin
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Article
| Open AccessFluorination-enabled optimal morphology leads to over 11% efficiency for inverted small-molecule organic solar cells
Organic solar cells based on solution-processable small molecules still lag behind their macromolecule counterparts. Here, Denget al. develop molecular donors to pair with PC71BM and study how the degree of fluorination impacts the morphology of the heterojunction and the efficiency of the devices.
- Dan Deng
- , Yajie Zhang
- & Zhixiang Wei
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Article
| Open AccessConditional repair by locally switching the thermal healing capability of dynamic covalent polymers with light
Healable materials are typically repaired by heat, which can affect the properties of the substance. Here the authors report a dynamic covalent polymer network in which light can switch the healing abilities on or off, allowing healing at defined locations without affecting the polymer as a whole.
- Anne Fuhrmann
- , Robert Göstl
- & Stefan Hecht
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Article
| Open AccessRapid and reversible photoinduced switching of a rotaxane crystal
Crystalline phase transition can be used to detect changes in the solid state properties of materials. Here, the authors describe the mechanical response of a crystal composed of ferrocene-containing rotaxane to laser irradiation.
- Kai-Jen Chen
- , Ya-Ching Tsai
- & Masaki Horie
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| Open AccessDonor polymer design enables efficient non-fullerene organic solar cells
In organic photovoltaics, electron acceptors are developed to replace fullerenes, and new donors need to be designed to match these acceptors. Here, the authors show that a polymer with strong temperature dependent aggregation and intentionally reduced crystallinity matches non-fullerene acceptors.
- Zhengke Li
- , Kui Jiang
- & He Yan
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Article
| Open AccessThree-dimensional protonic conductivity in porous organic cage solids
Proton conduction is a fundamental process for fuel cell development, but three-dimensional proton conduction in crystalline porous solids is rare. Here, the authors report organic molecular cages in which the structure imposes three-dimensional proton conductivity competing with metal-organic frameworks.
- Ming Liu
- , Linjiang Chen
- & Andrew I. Cooper
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| Open AccessSuppressing molecular vibrations in organic semiconductors by inducing strain
The mobility of organic semiconductors can be tuned by modifying their chemical composition or crystalline properties. Here, the authors show that bending organic single crystals increases their field effect transistor mobility due to restrained molecular vibrations and subsequently reduced dynamic disorder.
- Takayoshi Kubo
- , Roger Häusermann
- & Jun Takeya
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Article
| Open AccessSuppressing molecular motions for enhanced room-temperature phosphorescence of metal-free organic materials
Phosphorescent materials made of purely organic components are typically less efficient than their organometallic counterparts. Here, the authors report a strategy to improve the phosphorescence efficiency of metal-free materials by reducing radiationless transitions by covalently linking into a polymer matrix.
- Min Sang Kwon
- , Youngchang Yu
- & Jinsang Kim
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Article
| Open AccessMolecular helices as electron acceptors in high-performance bulk heterojunction solar cells
In organic photovoltaics, the best-performing devices are often based on fullerene derivatives as the electron acceptor counterpart. Here, the authors present new molecular electron acceptors with a helical structure and achieve 8.3% power conversion efficiency.
- Yu Zhong
- , M. Tuan Trinh
- & Colin Nuckolls
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| Open AccessMode-selective vibrational modulation of charge transport in organic electronic devices
The electronic properties of organic molecules are sensitive to structural dynamics, but device control through this phenomenon has not been attained. Bakulinet al. show that the photoconductivity can be modulated by selective excitation of molecular vibrations in an organic optoelectronic device.
- Artem A. Bakulin
- , Robert Lovrincic
- & David Cahen
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| Open AccessSub-nanometre resolution imaging of polymer–fullerene photovoltaic blends using energy-filtered scanning electron microscopy
Morphological characterization of organic photovoltaic active layers is restricted by the lack of accurate chemical mapping tools. Here, the authors demonstrate an energy-filtered scanning electron microscopy technique, which enables sub-nanometre resolution imaging of an organic photovoltaic blend.
- Robert C. Masters
- , Andrew J. Pearson
- & Cornelia Rodenburg
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Article
| Open AccessTunable solid-state fluorescent materials for supramolecular encryption
Solid-state fluorescent materials show promise for potential applications in security and anti-counterfeiting technologies. Here, the authors report a heterorotaxane which has found application in security inks with highly tunable solid-state fluorescence through supramolecular encapsulation.
- Xisen Hou
- , Chenfeng Ke
- & J. Fraser Stoddart
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Article
| Open AccessThree-dimensional periodic supramolecular organic framework ion sponge in water and microcrystals
The construction of soluble periodic supramolecular three-dimensional networks is challenging. Here, the authors use an encapsulated dimerization strategy to direct the assembly of a periodic three-dimensional supramolecular organic framework and evaluate its absorption properties.
- Jia Tian
- , Tian-You Zhou
- & Zhan-Ting Li
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Large surface relaxation in the organic semiconductor tetracene
Interfacial charge transport determines the performance of organic semiconductors, yet the surface influence is poorly understood. Here, Morisaki et al.observe surface relaxation and its resulting transport properties in the first monolayer of tetracene, which are dissimilar to those of the bulk.
- Hazuki Morisaki
- , Takashi Koretsune
- & Yusuke Wakabayashi
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Enhancing 2D growth of organic semiconductor thin films with macroporous structures via a small-molecule heterointerface
High-performance organic electronics require minimal grain boundaries in an organic semiconductor active layer. Here, Kang et al.report the growth of pentacene thin films in a macroporous structure with improved crystallinity, which is guided by a chemically heterogeneous, rubber-like substrate.
- Boseok Kang
- , Moonjeong Jang
- & Kilwon Cho
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Delocalization and dielectric screening of charge transfer states in organic photovoltaic cells
Interfacial charge transfer states are believed to have an important role in the performance of organic solar cells. Bernardo et al.show that delocalization achieved through local fullerene order is critical to achieving long-range charge separation from these otherwise tightly bound states.
- B. Bernardo
- , D. Cheyns
- & N.C. Giebink