Review Article |
Featured
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Review Article |
Targeting drugs to tumours using cell membrane-coated nanoparticles
Owing to several limitations, including elimination by the immune system and a lack of tumour specificity, systemically administered synthetic nanoparticles are used for a limited range of cancer indications. In this Review, the authors describe the potential of cellular nanoparticles (comprising a cell membrane coating around a synthetic core) to overcome these issues as well as their application in drug delivery, phototherapy and immunotherapy.
- Ronnie H. Fang
- , Weiwei Gao
- & Liangfang Zhang
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Perspective |
Nano-omics: nanotechnology-based multidimensional harvesting of the blood-circulating cancerome
Liquid biopsy assays of diverse cancer-associated molecular alterations in blood, including genomic, epigenomic, transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomics changes, offer considerable opportunities for early detection of cancer as well as improved management of the disease. In this Perspective, the authors review key advances in liquid biopsy-based multi-omics approaches for biomarker discovery. They also introduce the ‘nano-omics’ paradigm, whereby nanotechnology tools are used to capture and enrich various cancer-derived analytes from biofluids for subsequent omics analyses, with the aim of developing novel biomarker panels for early cancer detection.
- Lois Gardner
- , Kostas Kostarelos
- & Marilena Hadjidemetriou
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Perspective |
Improving cancer immunotherapy using nanomedicines: progress, opportunities and challenges
An immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment is one of the main reasons why patients with solid tumours fail to respond to immune-checkpoint inhibition. In this Perspective, the authors describe the potential of nanomedicines to normalize the tumour microenvironment, thus overcoming this immunosuppressive barrier and enabling greater numbers of patients to respond to immune-checkpoint inhibition.
- John D. Martin
- , Horacio Cabral
- & Rakesh K. Jain
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Review Article |
Delivering nanomedicine to solid tumors
Nanotechnology offers great promise for the detection, prevention and treatment of cancer. Current limitations of this technology include the heterogeneous distribution of nanoparticles to tumors, caused in part by the physiological barriers presented by the abnormal tumor vasculature and interstitial matrix. This Review discusses these barriers and summarizes strategies that have been developed to overcome them. It additionally examines design considerations for the optimization of delivery of nanoparticles to tumors.
- Rakesh K. Jain
- & Triantafyllos Stylianopoulos
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Review Article |
Conscripts of the infinite armada: systemic cancer therapy using nanomaterials
The first generation of anti-cancer agents using novel nanomaterials has successfully entered widespread use and newer nanomaterials are gaining increasing interest as potential multifunctional therapeutic agents. The authors of this Review discuss how the new features of these agents could potentially allow increased cancer selectivity, changes in pharmacokinetics, amplification of cytotoxic effects, and simultaneous imaging capabilities.
- David A. Scheinberg
- , Carlos H. Villa
- & Michael R. McDevitt