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| Open AccessNonsynaptic junctions on myelinating glia promote preferential myelination of electrically active axons
The myelin sheath on vertebrate axons is critical for neural impulse transmission, but whether electrically active axons are preferentially myelinated by glial cells, is not clear. Here the authors show that cultured oligodendrocytes preferentially myelinate electrically active axons via a mechanism dependent on nonsynaptic vesicular release of glutamate.
- Hiroaki Wake
- , Fernando C. Ortiz
- & R. Douglas Fields
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The tumour suppressor LKB1 regulates myelination through mitochondrial metabolism
Myelination of peripheral axons by Schwann cells is essential for proper transmission of nerve signals but the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. Here the authors show that metabolic changes are required to ensure Schwann cell differentiation and proper myelination, and involve the tumour suppressor Lkb1 in regulating this process.
- Shabnam Pooya
- , Xiaona Liu
- & Biplab Dasgupta
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Trans-regulation of oligodendrocyte myelination by neurons through small GTPase Arf6-regulated secretion of fibroblast growth factor-2
The GTPase Arf6, expressed in the central nervous system, is implicated in neural development in vitro, but the roles it plays in vivo are unclear. Akiyama et al. show in vivothat Arf6 positively regulates oligiodendrocyte myelination via the release of the growth factor FGF-2 from hippocampal neurons.
- Masahiro Akiyama
- , Hiroshi Hasegawa
- & Yasunori Kanaho
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iPSC-derived neural precursors exert a neuroprotective role in immune-mediated demyelination via the secretion of LIF
The neurotrophic cytokine leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) prevents oligodendrocyte death in animal models of multiple sclerosis. Here, Laterza et al. show that secretion of LIF from transplanted iPSC-derived neural progenitor cells has a therapeutic effect in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis.
- Cecilia Laterza
- , Arianna Merlini
- & Gianvito Martino