Immunopathogenesis articles within Nature Communications

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  • Article
    | Open Access

    Chronic consumption of a Western-type diet leads to systemic inflammation of undefined origin, which contributes to metabolic disease. Here Progatzky et al. identify an immediate early step in the process by showing that dietary cholesterol rapidly activates inflammasomes in the gut epithelium.

    • Fränze Progatzky
    • , Navjyot J. Sangha
    •  & Margaret J. Dallman

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a common, highly heritable neurodevelopmental condition characterized by marked genetic heterogeneity. In this study, the authors use RNA sequencing analyses to characterize differences in the transcriptome between autistic and typically developing brains.

    • Simone Gupta
    • , Shannon E. Ellis
    •  & Dan E. Arking

  • Article |

    LL37 is an antimicrobial peptide that is overexpressed in skin lesions from psoriasis patients and activates innate immunity. Here the authors show that CD4 and CD8 T cells specific for LL37 are present in the circulation of patients with psoriasis, produce inflammatory cytokines and correlate with disease activity.

    • Roberto Lande
    • , Elisabetta Botti
    •  & Loredana Frasca

  • Article |

    Mcl-1 is an important survival factor for several hematopoietic lineages including B and T lymphocytes, but its role in the Natural Killer (NK) cells has not been previously tested. Here, the authors report that deletion of Mcl-1 in the NK cell lineage leads to the loss of NK cells from all tissues.

    • Priyanka Sathe
    • , Rebecca B. Delconte
    •  & Nicholas D. Huntington

  • Article |

    Th9 cells are a subset of T helper cells that protect hosts against helminthic infection, but can also mediate allergic disease through overexpression of the cytokine IL-9. Here, Niedbala et al.show that nitric oxide is a potent enhancer of Th9 differentiation via the activation of p53 protein.

    • Wanda Niedbala
    • , Anne-Gaelle Besnard
    •  & Foo Y. Liew

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Alarmins are locally released during inflammation and are early amplifiers of inflammation. Here Vogl et al.show that the alarmin S100A8/S100A9 can be used as a sensitive marker to detect subclinical inflammation and follow disease progression in a variety of disease models.

    • Thomas Vogl
    • , Michel Eisenblätter
    •  & Johannes Roth

  • Article
    | Open Access

    HGK kinase is involved in signalling in many cell types but its function in T cells remains unclear. Here, using T-cell-specific HGK knockout mice, the authors show that HGK prevents the development of systemic inflammation and insulin resistance by inhibiting production of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-17.

    • Huai-Chia Chuang
    • , Wayne H. -H. Sheu
    •  & Tse-Hua Tan

  • Article |

    The role of metabolic reprogramming in the regulation of innate inflammatory response remains incompletely understood. Here, the authors show that pyruvate kinase M2-mediated aerobic glycolysis contributes to inflammatory response, and that inhibition of this pathway protects mice from lethal endotoxemia and sepsis.

    • Liangchun Yang
    • , Min Xie
    •  & Daolin Tang

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Interferon αβ(IFNαβ) is known as a potent anti-viral factor, yet its role in influenza infection remains controversial. Here, the authors show that the IFNαβ response is a critical host factor, which, when excessive, causes strong inflammation and severe disease in a mouse model of acute influenza infection.

    • Sophia Davidson
    • , Stefania Crotta
    •  & Andreas Wack

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Ionizing radiation damages small intestinal crypt cells, including epithelial stem cells and their progeny. Here the authors show that radiation-induced crypt cell death is amplified by the release of cellular RNA from apoptotic epithelial cells, which then triggers pro-apoptotic TLR3 signalling on neighbouring cells.

    • Naoki Takemura
    • , Takumi Kawasaki
    •  & Satoshi Uematsu

  • Article |

    In the early stages of atherosclerosis, macrophages in the vessel wall convert into foam cells, which promote the rise of atherosclerotic plaques. Here Hamada et al. show that the macrophage transcription factor MafB inhibits foam-cell apoptosis, and that its absence promotes atherosclerosis development in mice.

    • Michito Hamada
    • , Megumi Nakamura
    •  & Satoru Takahashi

  • Article |

    Autoimmune T cell receptors can interact with both self and microbial antigens, but the structural basis for crossreactivity is not fully understood. Here, the authors provide structural insights into binding characteristics of the autoreactive T cell receptor Hy.1B11 to both self and pathogen-derived peptides.

    • Dhruv K. Sethi
    • , Susana Gordo
    •  & Kai W. Wucherpfennig

  • Article |

    ORMDL3has been identified as a gene associated with asthma susceptibility, but its exact role in the pathogenesis of this disease is not well known. Here, the authors propose that induction of ORMDL3 in eosinophils modulates the expression of integrins, which could contribute to a key inflammatory event in asthma.

    • Sung Gil Ha
    • , Xiao Na Ge
    •  & P. Sriramarao

  • Article |

    Inositol polyphosphate 4 phosphatase regulates phosphoinositide signalling and is associated with an increased risk of asthma. Aichet al. show that, in a mouse model of airway inflammation, calpains degrade inositol polyphosphate 4 phosphatase resulting in exacerbated phosphoinositide 3-kinase signalling.

    • Jyotirmoi Aich
    • , Ulaganathan Mabalirajan
    •  & Balaram Ghosh

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