Imaging techniques articles within Nature Communications

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  • Article
    | Open Access

    Super-resolution microscopy techniques can be challenging for live cells and thick samples. Here, the authors propose a method to reduce beam intensity and remove out-of-focus fluorescence background in image-scanning microscopy (ISM) and its combination with stimulated emission depletion (STED).

    • Giorgio Tortarolo
    • , Alessandro Zunino
    •  & Giuseppe Vicidomini

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Traditional methods for cell stiffness measurements are limited by long processing times and unsuitability for multiple cell analysis. Here, the authors demonstrate a fast technique based on acoustic stimulation and holographic imaging to reconstruct whole-cell stiffness maps of individual and multiple cells.

    • Rahmetullah Varol
    • , Zeynep Karavelioglu
    •  & Huseyin Uvet

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The authors report high-efficiency emission depletion through a surface migration emission depletion mechanism, which takes advantage of the effects of surface quenching and energy migration in nanocrystals. They demonstrate super-resolution microscopy with very low depletion saturation intensities.

    • Rui Pu
    • , Qiuqiang Zhan
    •  & Xiaogang Liu

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The optoelectronic performance of lead halide perovskite in highfluence applications are hindered by heterogeneous multi-polaron interactions in the nanoscale. Here, Nishda et al. spatially resolve sub-ns relaxation dynamics on the nanometer scale by ultrafast infrared pumpprobe nanoimaging.

    • Jun Nishida
    • , Peter T. S. Chang
    •  & Markus B. Raschke

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Here, the authors use quantitative ultrafast interferometric pump-probe microscopy to track photoexcitations with sub-10 nm spatial precision in three dimensions and 15 fs temporal resolution to study the spatiotemporal dynamics of singlet exciton fission in polycrystalline pentacene films.

    • Arjun Ashoka
    • , Nicolas Gauriot
    •  & Akshay Rao

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Experimentally probing the orbital population is highly desirable to resolve the redox mechanism of cathodes materials. Here the authors quantify the orbital populations of Co and O in LiCoO2 and identify the ligand-to-metal charge transfer.

    • Tongtong Shang
    • , Dongdong Xiao
    •  & Jing Zhu

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Mimicking human vision with metasurfaces, the authors propose a new paradigm for high field of view and ultrafast LiDAR, achieving performances also relevant for the next generation of imaging system for ADAS and robotic systems.

    • Renato Juliano Martins
    • , Emil Marinov
    •  & Patrice Genevet

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Sensitivity to noise is currently an obstacle to the use of quantum imaging techniques in real-world scenarios. Here, exploiting non-local cancellation of dispersion on time-frequency entangled photons, the authors show a 43dB improvement in resilience to noise for imaging protocols towards a quantum LiDAR.

    • Phillip S. Blakey
    • , Han Liu
    •  & Amr S. Helmy

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Evaporation and crystal growth occur at different rates on different surfaces. Here authors show dissociative evaporation from ZnO (0001) polar surfaces is accelerated by the formation of a Zn-deficient quasi-liquid layer derived from the formation and inward diffusion of Zn vacancies that stabilize the polar surface.

    • Zhen Wang
    • , Jinho Byun
    •  & Sang Ho Oh

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) has been used extensively to encapsulate other van der Waals materials, protecting them from environmental degradation, and allowing integration into more complex heterostructures. Here, the authors make use of boron vacancy spin defects in h-BN using them to image the magnetic properties of a Fe3GeTe2 flake.

    • Mengqi Huang
    • , Jingcheng Zhou
    •  & Chunhui Rita Du

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The authors present an approach to connect polymer dynamics to force response by integrating optical tweezers with differential dynamic microscopy. They measure blends of ring and linear DNA and observe a resonant response, which is suppressed by the presence of microtubules.

    • Karthik R. Peddireddy
    • , Ryan Clairmont
    •  & Rae M. Robertson-Anderson

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The Fermi surface is related to the energy distribution of electrons in a solid, and governs physical properties of metals and semiconductors. A new type of angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, probing the Fermi surface and combining short recording time with high resolution, is now presented.

    • Sergey Borisenko
    • , Alexander Fedorov
    •  & Bernd Büchner

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Solid–liquid interfaces are ubiquitous in natural and technological processes, but their imaging at the atomic scale has been challenging. The authors, using liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy, identify a quasi-liquid phase and the mass transport between the surface of In and Sn nanocrystals and an aqueous solution.

    • Xinxing Peng
    • , Fu-Chun Zhu
    •  & Haimei Zheng

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Pixelation is common in quantum imaging systems and limit the image spatial resolution. Here, the authors introduce a pixel super-resolution approach based on measuring the full spatially-resolved joint probability distribution of spatially-entangled photons, and improve pixel resolution by a factor two.

    • Hugo Defienne
    • , Patrick Cameron
    •  & Daniele Faccio

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The authors introduce photonic force optical coherence elastography that uses a light-sheet for parallelised and localised mechanical loading. They demonstrate the combination of 3D imaging of extracellular matrix mechanics with cellular-scale resolution and dynamic monitoring of cell-mediated changes.

    • Yuechuan Lin
    • , Nichaluk Leartprapun
    •  & Steven G. Adie

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Light field imaging typically requires large format detectors and yet often compromises resolution or speed. Here, compact light field photography is presented to lift both restrictions to see through and around severe occlusions in 3D and real time.

    • Xiaohua Feng
    • , Yayao Ma
    •  & Liang Gao

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Imaging in scattering media is challenging due to signal attenuation and strong coupling of scattered and signal photons. The authors present a boundary migration model of the scattered field, converting scattered measurements in spectral form to scene information in temporal domain, and image Lambertian objects in highly scattering media.

    • Dongyu Du
    • , Xin Jin
    •  & Jingyan Song

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Molecules offer enormous capacity for information storage. Here, the authors show that information can be encoded into molecules with sequences of paramagnetic lanthanide ions, and decoded using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

    • Jan Kretschmer
    • , Tomáš David
    •  & Miloslav Polasek

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Complexities of laser-material interactions pose a challenge to minimize defects in additively manufactured metal parts. Here the authors visualize all phases of matter simultaneously to expand understanding of the interactions and show atmospheric information can characterize process stability.

    • I. Bitharas
    • , N. Parab
    •  & A. J. Moore

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The authors introduce stimulated-emission induced excitation depletion (STExD) nanoscopy using a single pair of low-power, near-infrared, continue-wave lasers. Emission of multichromatic probes is inhibited by cascade amplified depletion in lanthanide upconversion systems induced by manipulating their common sensitizer.

    • Xin Guo
    • , Rui Pu
    •  & Qiuqiang Zhan

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The authors demonstrate compact spectral light-field imaging by using a transversely dispersive metalens array and a monochrome imaging sensor. They show that 4D images can be obtained in a single shot, and demonstrate discrimination of visually indistinguishable objects.

    • Xia Hua
    • , Yujie Wang
    •  & Shining Zhu

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Ultrafast pulses are useful to investigate the electron dynamics in excited atoms, molecules and other complex systems. Here, the authors measure transient photoelectron momentum maps following the free-electron laser pulse-induced ionization of a bilayer pentacene thin film on Ag (110) by using time-resolved orbital tomography.

    • Kiana Baumgärtner
    • , Marvin Reuner
    •  & Markus Scholz

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Frequency-modulated continuous wave LiDAR has suffered from limited 3D frame rates. Here, the authors combine a grating for beam steering with a compressed time-frequency analysis for depth retrieval, and demonstrate real-time densely sampled 3D imaging of moving objects with submillimetre localization accuracy.

    • Ruobing Qian
    • , Kevin C. Zhou
    •  & Joseph A. Izatt

  • Article
    | Open Access

    High-throughput imaging has generally been challenging for scanning probe microscopy techniques. Here, the authors introduce binary-state scanning probe microscopy, which uses a cantilever-free elastomeric probes and a hierarchical measurement architecture for parallel topography imaging.

    • Gwangmook Kim
    • , Eoh Jin Kim
    •  & Wooyoung Shim

  • Article
    | Open Access

    X-ray diffractive and refractive optical elements suffer from chromatic aberrations, limiting high-resolution X-ray microscopes mainly to bright synchrotron sources. Here, the authors experimentally realise an achromatic X-ray lens by combing a focusing diffractive Fresnel zone plate and a defocusing refractive lens.

    • Adam Kubec
    • , Marie-Christine Zdora
    •  & Christian David

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The authors demonstrate a strategy for bacterial uptake of gold nanoparticles modified with glucose polymer. The particles aggregate in the bacterial cells upon laser irradiation, resulting in enhanced photoacoustic signal and antibacterial activity, enabling sensitive imaging of bacteria in vivo.

    • Yunmin Yang
    • , Binbin Chu
    •  & Yao He

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging at the atomic scale has been limited to detection and localisation of single nuclear spins. Here, the authors extend imaging to large nuclear spin clusters in 3D by combining weak quantum measurements, phase encoding and simulated annealing.

    • K. S. Cujia
    • , K. Herb
    •  & C. L. Degen

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Ultrafast infrared nano-imaging has enabled the study of nanoscale dynamics, but has been limited to probing short-lived carrier lifetimes. Here, the authors present pump-probe nano-spectroscopy with enhanced sensitivity to image both carrier and vibrational dynamics associated with long-lived excitations.

    • Jun Nishida
    • , Samuel C. Johnson
    •  & Markus B. Raschke

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The authors present a simple yet effective solution to dramatically boost the performances of an upconversion imaging system, which leads to unprecedented mid-infrared imaging features with large field of view, single-photon sensitivity and a MHz-level frame rate.

    • Kun Huang
    • , Jianan Fang
    •  & Heping Zeng

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Antiferromagnets offer the potential for higher speed and density than ferromagnetic materials for spintronic devices. Here, Reimers et al study the domain structure of CuMnAs, demonstrating the role of defects in stabilizing the location and orientation of antiferromagnetic domain walls.

    • Sonka Reimers
    • , Dominik Kriegner
    •  & Kevin W. Edmonds

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The authors demonstrate a far-field approach for height profile measurements with sub-millimetre waves. By evaluating Fabry-Pérot oscillations within surface-structured samples, combined with a Hilbert-transform approach, they visualize structures with a height of 49 nm, with 31 nm precision.

    • Alonso Ingar Romero
    • , Amlan kusum Mukherjee
    •  & Sascha Preu

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Atomic point defects formed by irradiation can dramatically alter material properties, but are difficult to probe, limiting understanding of their impact. Here, the authors introduce an x-ray microscopy approach, based on Bragg ptychography, to visualise the distortion caused by these otherwise invisible defects.

    • Peng Li
    • , Nicholas W. Phillips
    •  & Virginie Chamard

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