Recent data from the prospective AGES–Reykjavik cohort study (n = 2,102) suggest that men who have problems falling and staying asleep are at a significantly increased risk of prostate cancer compared with men without sleep disruption (approximately twofold). When restricted to advanced prostate cancer (≥T3 or lethal disease), this association was even stronger (approaching threefold). Excluding men who woke up during the night (which is indicative of nocturia) did not affect the findings, suggesting a minimal risk of reverse association.