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A recent study has found that one in six people who are independent at 3 months after stroke deteriorate and need assistance by 12 months. Older women with comorbidities, and patients not given appropriate secondary stroke prevention were most at risk. Anticipation and prevention of deterioration could help reduce the later burden of stroke.
Research into Friedreich ataxia has been hampered by low availability of study participants. Now, a European consortium has released baseline data from a continuing study of 592 patients with Friedreich ataxia, providing information on clinical features and progression. Such large cooperative studies might herald the final battle against this disabling disease.
The apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE*ε4) allele is a well-established risk factor for cognitive decline, particularly among white individuals. A recent study highlights factors associated with cognitive resilience in both black and white APOE*ε4 carriers. Despite racial differences in the frequency and impact of APOE*ε4, resilience factors are similar across races.
Neuroinflammation during critical phases of brain development can increase the risk of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, even in adulthood. In this Review, Hagberg et al. review the mechanisms through which inflammation can exacerbate perinatal brain injury, and outline how understanding the interplay between inflammation and brain injury can aid the identification of new strategies to alleviate neurological and neuropsychiatric morbidity.
Migraine affects up to 25% of women of reproductive age. Suboptimally treated migraine during pregnancy can negatively affect both mother and fetus, but few data exist on the safety of many commonly used pharmacotherapies for migraine. This Review summarizes current evidence on the safety of the most common antimigraine drugs during pregnancy and breastfeeding, and provides treatment recommendations for clinical practice.
The effects of statin treatment on the development of cognitive impairment, dementia and Alzheimer disease are unclear. In this Review, the authors systematically evaluate the findings from randomized controlled trials and observational studies that have investigated the association of statin use with cognition—including consideration of probable sources of bias—so as to summarize the current evidence and make recommendations for future work.
Sports-related concussion is increasingly recognized as a potential danger to paediatric populations, but its short-term and long-term consequences remain poorly understood. This Expert Consensus Document is the result of a 1-day meeting convened by Safe Kids Worldwide, the Alzheimer's Drug Discovery Foundation, and the Andrews Institute for Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, with the aim of highlighting knowledge gaps and areas of critically needed research in youth sports-related concussion.
