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In this Science and Society article, Tracey and Flower examine how insights and techniques from neuroscience have been and might be used by the military. They also highlight some of the ethical issues raised by the use of neuroscientific knowledge in this context.
New oligodendrocytes that are derived from oligodendrocyte-precursor cells and express myelin regulatory factor are important for the learning of novel motor skills.
During memory retrieval the hippocampus is required for the reactivation of cortical activity patterns that occurred during encoding, but artificial reactivation of the cortical representation of a memory alone is sufficient to drive recall.
Dopamine regulates reinforcement-based plasticity at the single-spine level on medium spiny neurons in the striatum by increasing the gain of Hebbian plasticity.
Two new studies show that the nematodeCaenorhabditis elegansdisplays a sleep-like state in response to heat shock and suggest that this state is necessary for recovery from cellular stress.
Myths about the brain — neuromyths — have established themselves among teachers worldwide, often contributing to poor practice. Paul Howard-Jones shows how fact became distorted into popular neuromyth by biases and cultural conditions that largely remain, threatening current attempts at authentic dialogue between neuroscience and education.
Distinct populations of neurons in the posterior dorsal part of the medial amygdala antagonistically regulate social behaviour and self-grooming, a non-social behaviour.
