FIGURE 4 | Architecture of the replicative DNA polymerase III holoenzyme from E. coli.

The DNA polymerase III holoenzyme is a multisubunit complex, which consists of 17 polypeptides. It contains four subassemblies. First, the core polymerase consists of three subunits: (the polymerase); (the 3'–5' exonuclease); and (the stimulator of the 3'–5' exonuclease). Second, the subunit is responsible for dimerization of the core DNA polymerase. Third, the sliding clamp comprises two homodimers of the subunit, which provides the ring structure that is needed for processivity. Fourth, five subunits have clamp-loader functions — , , ', and . For details, see Ref. 34.

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