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Recent discoveries have identified several striking parallels between the cellular factors and molecular events that govern mRNA degradation in eukaryotes and bacteria. Nevertheless, some key distinctions remain, the most fundamental of which may be related to the different mechanisms of translation initiation control.
Monoubiquitylation and polyubiquitylation by Lys63-linked chains contribute to three different pathways related to the maintenance of genome integrity that are responsible for the processing of DNA double-strand breaks, the repair of interstrand cross links and the bypass of lesions during DNA replication.
The nuclear pore complex is the key regulator of transport between the cytoplasm and nucleus. Emerging evidence suggests it also regulates gene expression by influencing the internal architecture of the nucleus and by coordinating the delivery of genetic information to the cytoplasmic protein synthesis machinery.
Recent work has advanced our understanding of the molecular organization of adherens junctions and how cadherin–catenin complexes at their core engage actin, microtubules and the endocytic machinery. This provides insight into how adherens junctions can maintain tissue architecture and facilitate cell movement during tissue morphogenesis.
HSP90 is a highly conserved chaperone that facilitates the maturation of a wide range of proteins. Recent studies have provided insight into the regulation of the HSP90 chaperone cycle and revealed numerous processes that HSP90 regulates directly or indirectly.
Recent studies suggest that the spindle matrix provides a conserved strategy to coordinate the segregation of genetic material and the partitioning of other cellular contents in open, partially open and closed mitosis.
