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This Review outlines the guiding immunological principles for the design of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine strategies and analyses the current COVID-19 vaccine landscape and the challenges ahead.
To protect from infection and preserve maternal–fetal tolerance, decidual natural killer cells deliver cytotoxic effectors through nanotubes to selectively kill intracellular bacteria and not the host cell.
Here, Cox and Brokstad briefly discuss T cell- and B cell-mediated immunity to SARS-CoV-2, stressing that a lack of serum antibodies does not necessarily equate with a lack of immunity to the virus.
Lactate accumulates in cancerous and chronically inflamed tissues, where it has diverse and often opposing effects. Here, the authors review the activities of this metabolite in these distinct circumstances, identifying opportunities for therapeutic modulation of the metabolic signature in tumours and inflammatory diseases.
In this Review, the authors describe how dysregulated protein translation in cancer cells is an important source of tumour-specific peptides for immunosurveillance and how MHC class I antigen-processing and presentation pathways are manipulated by tumours for immunoevasion — information that will inform cancer immunotherapy approaches.
In this Review, Rolls and colleagues discuss regulation of immune responses by the nervous system. The authors focus on the benefits of neuronal regulation of immunity, the mechanisms involved and the brain areas involved in neuro-immune crosstalk.