A randomized trial investigating the potential of resistant starch in preventing colorectal cancer (CRC) has found no protective effect. No significant difference was found between patients given resistant starch (n = 463) and those given placebo (n = 455) in the time to first CRC (HR 1.40, P = 0.26) or after study completion at 2 years (HR 1.09, P = 0.80). Resistant-starch supplementation does not, therefore, seem to emulate the protective effect of diets rich in dietary fibre against CRC.