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As the burden of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) continues to increase, attention turns to the appropriate management of the disease. In this Review, the authors discuss and critique the currently available medical interventions for the treatment and management of HCC, as well as introduce future developments in the field.
IBS is a common disorder that can have an enormous negative effect on patients and society as a whole; however, many patients do not achieve adequate symptom relief with the currently available therapies. In this Review, Magnus Halland and Nicholas Talley discuss the latest treatments for IBS, including novel nonpharmacological and pharmacological approaches.
Targets for the medical management of NAFLD remain elusive and no medications have been approved by the FDA to date. Instead, lifestyle modification via diet and exercise is most commonly recommended. The optimal physical activity regimen in terms of both effectiveness and compliance remains to be determined and is the focus of this Review.
In an attempt to better characterize mucosal healing in ulcerative colitis, various endoscopic scoring systems have been introduced. However, most have limited interobserver agreement. A recent study has validated the ulcerative colitis colonoscopic index of severity and found that this new scoring system provides reproducible results among gastroenterologists.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) largely affects patients >75 years old, yet no evidence-based guidelines are available for this age group. In this article, Riccardo Audisio and Demetris Papamichael discuss the various treatment options available for older patients with CRC and suggest that treatment should be tailored to the individual patient.
Elastography has been shown to increase the accuracy of endoscopic ultrasonography for the differential diagnosis of pancreatic masses. Recent data have led to questions about the validity of its use in a routine clinical setting, outside controlled studies. Further improvements of the technique are needed to increase the reproducibility of its results and make it a useful clinical tool.