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Scientific literature is ever-expanding. The need for a filter to keep up-to-date with the key information from this onslaught of data is increasingly important.
This Review discusses the genetics of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), including evidence of shared genetic modifiers and possible pleiotropic effects between NAFLD and other liver diseases or metabolic disorders. The translational implications and future challenges are also discussed.
A new study reveals that a novel serotonin sensor in the spore-forming gut bacteria, Turicibacter sanguinis, might be important for host lipid and steroid metabolism. These findings support the emerging concept that bidirectional signalling pathways can influence bacterial community structure and exert effects on host physiology.
A new study is the first to investigate the relationship between liver-enriched antimicrobial peptide-2 (LEAP2) and different metabolic states, and highlights the reciprocal relationship between LEAP2 and ghrelin (known as the ‘hunger hormone’ for its role in stimulating appetite). These findings could have important implications given the worldwide increase in obesity since 1975.
Innate immune responses are currently seen as a key element driving hepatic inflammation in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. However, this Review discusses the increasing evidence pointing to the role of adaptive immunity as an additional factor promoting liver inflammation and driving disease progression.
Screening and early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer are at the focal point of attention from researchers, physicians and patients. A new systematic review and recommendation statement by the USPSTF attempt to summarize the current state of affairs.
Women physicians in gastroenterology and hepatology face unique challenges during their early careers, including implicit biases borne of ingrained gender stereotypes and the imposter syndrome. Addressing perceived biases and promoting leadership at the trainee level is crucial to improving female representation in gastroenterology and hepatology.
In this Viewpoint article, we asked a selection of scientists and clinicians in the gut microbiota field to provide their opinions on the major advances in and future directions for research, and the challenges and solutions for translating gut microbiome research to the clinic.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. This Review describes the role of microorganisms in colorectal carcinogenesis, and the potential clinical translation of the gut microbiota as a biomarker for CRC diagnosis and prognosis, and as an approach for disease prevention and to improve therapy.