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Harnessing the thermogenic, energy-expending capacity of adipocytes has the potential to combat metabolic disorders. Although β3-adrenergic receptor agonists are the best-known activators of thermogenesis, they carry considerable cardiovascular risks. A new study demonstrates the ability of G protein-coupled receptor 3 to intrinsically drive adipose thermogenesis independent of β3-adrenergic receptor signalling.
Transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) youth are increasingly seeking medical services to bring their physical sex characteristics into alignment with their gender identity. This Review highlights advances in our understanding of TGD youth, the challenges of providing gender-affirming care and research priorities.
The expression of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is increased under conditions of cellular stress as well as by metformin and exercise. This Review highlights mechanisms of GDF15 production and secretion, GDF15 signalling, and the relevance of GDF15 in obesity and metabolic diseases.
In children, growth hormone deficiency (GHD) results in growth failure and has multiple different causes. This Review discusses the diagnosis of GHD in children and highlights advances in management, including transitional care.
Sex differences can have important implications in research and medical care. This Review will outline our understanding on sex differences, and will offer strategies that, if implemented, will provide information with which to personalize and improve health care for all people.
